Home / Knowledge / Governance of the country and state corporations

Primary document · 25–29 August 2026

Managing the Country and State Corporations

Material on the role of state corporations and systemic frameworks for managing the country’s development.

Article "Management of the country and state corporation"
The first page of the presentation from the package of primary materials.
Thesis. The state determines goals and limits; balance sheets show the state of the whole; state corporations and public sector organizations turn goals into agreed programs; SUR connects data, decisions, resources, execution and proven result.

It is proposed to launch not a new supra-agency corporation, but a government portfolio coordination loop. It operates on top of existing powers and ensures traceability from the national goal to the object, the contract, the performer, the result and the feedback.

  • Approve the concept of management of corporate public portfolio through 19 interconnected national balance sheets.
  • Determine the customer and pilot IAC; include 3–5 corporate participants, 2–3 territories, 5 balance sheets and 10–15 projects.
  • To conduct 100-day pilot without changing the existing powers and without new capital-intensive obligations outside the approved programs.
  • According to the results of the pilot to present the regulations, a digital prototype, a list of legal changes and the decision to scale up to 2036.

Source / legal basis: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No 309 from 07.05.2024; the Government of the Russian Federation 761 from 19.06.2026.

02 The problem of fragmentary control

Function: Identify Gaps → Result: Management Gap Map

Large state organizations have resources, technologies, infrastructure, data and project competencies. However, their strategies, investment programs, procurement, and KPI are often reviewed by individual legal entities and industry contours. The state result arises between them - in the territory, in the supply chain and in the totality of effects.

GapManifestationManagement investigation
Aims ↔ programsThe national indicator is not brought to the portfolio of projectsContributions and responsibilities cannot be established
Assets ↔ resultsProperty register separated from social effectThe value of the asset is visible, the utility is not
Branches ↔Solutions are optimal within the agency, but conflict on the groundHidden Deficits and Cost Transfers
Budget ↔ corporate capitalDifferent horizons, classifiers and evaluation rulesNo full life cycle is visible
Report ↔ proofThe indicators are not related to primary dataWeak reproducibility of conclusions
Risk ↔ feedbackDeviation is fixed after the eventLate correction
The key transition. Evaluate not the organization in isolation, but its contribution to the state of national balance sheets, while maintaining separate financial, sectoral and legal responsibility.

The problem is not solved by one integral assessment. The overall index must be accompanied by disclosure of critical deviations, data sources, model constraints and response measures.

03 Balances — management system

Function: Determine the Unit of Observation → Result: Managed Integrity

The balance sheet in model SUR is not just an accounting form and not a static summary. It is a passport of manageable proportion: need, resource, power, availability, risk, plan, fact, forecast, responsible and proof of result.

Closed loop. Monitoring → analysis → script → State Decision → resource support → execution → Verification → adjustment.
Passport elementWhat is fixedWhy it matters
StateBase, fact, dynamics, territorySingle reference line
NormaPurpose, Range, Term, Critical ThresholdThe Acceptable Corridor
StreamsResources, capacities, exchanges, dependenciesIntersectoral effect is seen
DecisionOption, assumptions, authority, dateReproducibility of choice
ImplementationProject, contract, asset, responsibleTraceability of action
ResultSocial impact and side effectsEvaluation of the benefit for the whole
EvidenceSource, methodology, version, signatureTrust in data

For the growth indicator, the ratio s=(x−b)/(T−b) is used, limited to the range 0...1; for the decline indicator, the direction changes. The valuation is multiplied by the evidentiary factor c. All weights, goals, and methods are approved before the assessment period.

04 19 National Balance Sheets

Function: create a single coordinate system → Result: comparability of solutions

The proposed classifier does not replace strategic planning documents. It links them across exposures and allows them to see the transfer of resources, effects and risks between sectors.

CodeBalanceCodeBalance
01Demography and human potential11Ecology and Biosphere
02Health and active life12Spatial development
03Education and competence13Housing and urban environment
04Science and technology14Transport and logistics
05Work and employment15Digital and information environment
06Industry and capacity16Finance, budget and investment
07Energy17External cooperation
08Raw materials and resources18Safety and resilience
09Food19Culture and historical heritage
10Water
Owner's rule. The state remains the owner of the national goal and balance. The corporate participant receives only the agreed execution mandate and is required to disclose the contribution, risk and evidence.
  • Each balance sheet has a passport, data owner, responsible authority and corporate execution portfolio.
  • The project is included in the portfolio only after checking the impact of the minimum on the main and related balances.
  • One balance cannot be improved at the cost of the other’s hidden deterioration; the negative effects are shown separately.

05 Principles of Architecture SUR

Function: Fix the Rules → Result: Design and Control Code

  1. Legitimacy: the new outline does not replace the President, the Government, the Federal Assembly, the Accounts Chamber, the Federal Investment Fund and corporate governance bodies.
  2. Integrity: The decision is assessed by the cumulative effect on national balances.
  3. Subsidiarity: the task is solved at the minimum sufficient level of authority.
  4. Data Uniformity: Common identifiers, classifiers, and versioning rules.
  5. Distinction of rights: the treasury, property of the state corporation, shares, subsidiary assets and attracted funds are not mixed.
  6. Evidence: indicator without source and reproducible method is not considered achieved.
  7. Pre-modeling: A meaningful solution gets a scripted passport before launch.
  8. Lifecycle: Creation, operation, renewal, recycling and recovery are taken into account.
  9. Absence of double counting: one effect is distributed among participants by approved attribution.
  10. Two-way transparency: Open reporting is combined with a secure application.
  11. Reversibility: Pilot solutions have conditions for stopping, reviewing, and scaling.
  12. Continuity: Knowledge, grounds and versions are preserved in the Heritage Archive.
The Constitution of the One. SUR is a common layer of rules, data, identity, and coordination. It binds the modules to common protocols without absorbing them.

06 Legal Perimeter and Role of State Corporations

Function: Separate Forms and Mandates → Result: Power Matrix

As of 28 August 2026 In Russia, there are five state corporations in the strict sense of the article 7.1 the Law No 7‑FZ. The term cannot be extended to all major public sector organizations.

FormExamplesPublic administration machinery
State CorporationVEB.RF, Rostec, Rosatom, Roscosmos, ASVSpecial Federal Law; Supervisory Board / Board of Directors
GoscompanyRussian RoadsArticle 7.2 the Law No 7‑FZ and special law
PKKFRT, Roskadastr, Single customerAct No 236‑FZ and the Act on the specific RPC
AO with state participationRZD, DOM.RF and othersThe state acts as a shareholder through corporate procedures and directives
FSUE / InstitutionBy Relevant RegistersPowers of the owner and the branch body
The legal boundary. The property of the state corporation belongs to it, not to the treasury. The Coordination Center shall not have the right to dispose of the asset, change the mandate or replace the Supervisory Board without a regulatory basis.

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 761 from 19.06.2026 refers program and planning documents of state corporations, state companies and JSC with state participation to the instruments of the Unified Plan. Therefore, integration is built through the connection of goals, programs, indicators and monitoring, and not through an administrative association of legal entities.

Source / legal basis: 7‑FZ, Special Laws No 82‑FZ, 270‑FZ, 317‑FZ, 215‑FZ, 177‑FZ; Regulation No 761.

07 Closed loop target architecture

Function: Binding Outlines → Result: Full Management Cycle

Architecture SUR organizes a single solution route. Each module has its own function, owner and readiness criterion; the transition to the next stage is allowed only through the verifiable gateway.

ContourRoleExit / Gateway
OKO / EQUILIBRIUMMonitoring, balancing, early warningSignal and Deviation Map
IACData consolidation, causal and scenario analysisSolutions and risks
Digital twinModelling the consequencesScenario passport
SFERAAcceptance and structuring of initiativesPassport of the project plan
ECO‑PPACommitments, resources, contractual frameworkSecured project
SPECZASHCHITAConsortium, production, pilot, scalingCompleted phase
ESG‑IRMeasurement and verification of effectsProven result
Heritage archiveVersions, bases, knowledge and rightsInstitutional memory
FeedbackAdjustment of goals, models and portfolioNew balance sheet status
Scaling by readiness. The extension is determined by the readiness of the data gateways, the rights, the methodology and the execution, and not by the calendar itself.

08 OKO / EQUILIBRIUM

Function: Watch and Balance → Result: Threat Map and Capabilities

EQUILIBRIUM is the intellectual contour of observation, analysis, forecasting and control of national balances. He does not make power decisions; his task is to show deviation, probable cause, consequences of inaction and possible points of influence in a timely manner.

QuestionSystem responseManagement product
What's going on?Fact, dynamics, spatial pictureSituational map
Is it a norm or a threat?Comparison with Range and TrendDeviation class
Why not?Connections of flows, events and decisionsHypothesis of causes
What happens next?Prognosis and stress scenariosWarning Window
Where to influence?Nodes with maximum sensitivityLever Set
What changed after the action?Fact vs. scenario and planEvaluation of the result
  • The index shows the balance, but does not hide the primary indicators and critical failures.
  • Signals are divided into facts, forecasts, scenario estimates and expert assumptions.
  • Closed data is processed in a sovereign protected loop; the open part contains allowable aggregates.
Early warning. Monitoring → recognition → forecast → Warning → Resource mobilization → response → Recovery → control of the result.

09 IAC and digital twin

Function: Prepare Solutions → Result: Modelled Consequences

The IAC translates the EQUILIBRIUM signal into a management question, collects cross-industry data, forms alternatives, and tests them on a digital twin of a country, industry, or territory.

StageAction IACQuality control
1. ProductionObject, purpose, boundaries, term, authorityUnambiguous question
2. Reference lineFact, base, relationships, limitationsData Passport
3. AlternativesAt least two options and the option of inactionComparable conditions
4. ModellingDirect, Indirect and Territorial EffectsVersion of model and assumptions
5. RiskStress-test, continuity, reversibleCritical thresholds
6. DecisionMatrix "effect - resource - risk - time"Scenario passport
7. TrainingComparison of the forecast with the resultCorrection of the model

The Leontief model is used for intersectoral scenarios: Δx=(I−A)⁻¹Δy. The multiplier and value added are treated as scenario estimates; they become proven causal effects only when supported by a verified counterfactual comparison.

Result. Prior to the launch of the project, the state sees a likely impact on related industries, territory, budget, critical resources, personnel and environmental obligations.

10 Sovereign Data Outline

Function: Establish Origin and Rights → Result: Trusted Data Environment

The system does not require uncontrolled unification of all arrays. It introduces a single directory and access rules, storing data from legitimate owners. Exchange is built through passports, API/gateways, event logs and role powers.

LayerMinimum compositionMode
IdentityCorporation, project, asset, territory, indicator, periodUniform codes
OriginSource, date, method, owner, signature, versionMandatory Audit - Follow
RightsBasis, purpose of processing, term, recipientThe least privileges
QualityCompleteness, relevance, consistency, errorAutocheck + Expert
SecurityClass, Segment, Encryption, Access LogOpen / Service / Closed
CorrigendumNew meaning, reason, author, timePrevious version is not deleted
  • Basic state outline: GAS "Management", FIS of strategic planning, GIIS "Electronic budget" and official statistics.
  • SUR operates as a data federation and does not claim that all systems are already integrated in real time.
  • The digital twin stores links to evidence and versions, not uncontrollable copies of all primary arrays.

Source / legal basis: Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 761 from 19.06.2026 and No. 658 from 30.06.2015 in the current edition.

11 Heritage preservation archive

Function: Preserve Knowledge and Foundations → Result: Institutional Memory

Heritage preservation archive is the intellectual contour of continuity. It combines legal frameworks, documents, digital twins, standards, technological solutions and proven results so that the new management cycle does not begin with a loss of experience.

ObjectWhat RemainsPractical value
DecisionVersion, authorship, authority, protocol, alternativesReproducibility of choice
ProjectPassport, contract, stages, risks, resultsTransfer between teams
TechnologyRights, tests, standards, applicabilityReuse
AssetOrigin, condition, repairs, digital twinLife Cycle
HeritageClasses C1-C6, passport, storage, accessIntergenerational transmission
EvidencePrimary data, method, signature, hashAudit and verification
Principle of law. The property remains with the rightful owner or custodian. The system provides identification, preservation, proof of origin and controlled access.

The “Heritage Connect” gateway can link a passport with storage, insurance, logistics, government services, research and education. Investment use is allowed only in a separate legal regime and does not replace the protection of heritage.

12 SFERA

Function: Structure Initiatives → Result: Single Register of Design Designs

SFERA — the input contour of initiatives from authorities, state corporations, science, business, regions and society. It separates the idea from the finished project and translates the proposal into a comparable passport.

Passport fieldContentsCondition of passage
Issue addressedObserved deviation and affected balancesThere is a confirmed baseline
ResultChange for citizens, territory, industryThere is a measurable
DecisionTechnology, method, life cycleVerified feasibility
ParticipantsOwner of the result, customer, executorsNo conflict of authority
ResourcesCapital, capacities, personnel, data, rightsSources pre-confirmed
RisksAddictions, side effects, safetyCritical thresholds identified
EvidenceDocuments, calculations, testsMaterials are available for verification
  • Initiative gets status: signal → Design → concept → secured project → Pilot → Scaling → Completion.
  • The refusal or refund is accompanied by a reason; the history is not deleted and can be revised if the conditions change.
Withdrawal SFERA. Not a presentation of an idea, but a comparable passport ready for the IAC scenario and contractual assembly ECO‑PPA.

13 ECO‑PPA

Function: Link Commitments and Resources → Result: Secured Project

ECO-PPA is a contractual and financial-resource framework that turns an agreed upon idea into a set of obligations. The name PPA is used here as a design model of a result agreement and requires legal qualifications for each type of transaction.

Block of agreementFixedMonitoring
State resultIndicator, base, target, deadline, recipientPassport balance
SubjectWorks, supplies, services, data, rightsTerms of Reference
ResourcesMoney, assets, capacities, raw materials, personnelConfirmation of source
Distribution of risksWho controls and who has consequencesRisk Matrix
PaymentStage, condition, acceptance, retentionRelationship to Proven Outcome
DataComposition, rights, safety, termsData Agreement
VerificationMethod, independence, class of evidenceESG‑IR
ChangesThreshold, procedure, version, terminationDecision log
Economic Connector. Task + Technology + Co-operation + Capital + Contract + Data + Result.

ECO-PPA does not waive budgetary, procurement, concession, corporate or industry law. For the pilot, a library of permissible contractual structures and a table of applicability are formed.

14 SPECZASHCHITA

Function: To organize cooperation and execution → Result: Executive Consortium

SPECZASHCHITA — cooperative contour of execution. It connects enterprises, scientific organizations, regions, suppliers, experts, and infrastructure operators around a specific outcome without assigning their assets and mandates.

FunctionMechanismResult
Consortium meetingVerification of competences, rights and resourcesApproved composition
DecompositionWorks, interfaces, control pointsThe Responsibility Matrix
Production cooperationOrders, capacities, quality, reservationThe Sustainable Chain
PilotingLimited contour, admission criteriaConfirmed technology
ScalingStandard modules and requirementsRepeated result
ResponseMobilization for threat or deficitRetention of function
CompletionReception, archive, lessons, resource releaseClosed life cycle
  • The unit of management is not the participant, but the obligation in the cooperation chain.
  • Critical operations have a backup performer, alternative material, or recovery plan.
  • The performance is confirmed by the primary data and is transmitted to ESG-IR and the Heritage Archive.
Border. SPECZASHCHITA does not replace a state customer, corporate body, technical supervision or licensing body.

15 ESG‑IR 1.0

Function: Measure and Confirm Impact → Result: Verifiable Result

ESG-IR is a standard of evidence for social, environmental and economic outcomes. It’s not about ranking: every statement is related to boundaries, formula, primary data, method, and responsibility.

ClassRequirementCoefficient c
APrimary data, signature, reconciliation and independent verification1,00
BInitial data and reconciliation; independent verification not completed0,85
CReproducible estimate with disclosed assumptions0,60
DNo source or calculation is non-reproducible0,00
  1. The boundaries of the object, period, base values, goals, weights and formulas are fixed before the assessment.
  2. Measured, calculated, forecast and expert data are marked separately.
  3. The numerator and denominator are separately tested; inter-corporate operations are eliminated.
  4. One effect is not counted to several participants in excess of one attribution.
  5. The fix creates a new version; the original record and the reason for the change are saved.
  6. For significant KPI, independent verification and selective testing of primary records is used.
Principle. There is no proof - no result achieved; the lack of data is not treated as a neutral value.

16 Intercompany chains

Function: Connect Competencies → Result: System Systems

State corporations and companies with state participation are considered as execution nodes, not autonomous owners of state goals. Cooperation is built around balance and project, with precise role delineation.

Corporate Contour*Main contributionRelated Balance Sheets
Finance and developmentStructuring and financing portfoliosInvestments, regions, technologies, exports
Industry and technologyPower, cooperation, critical productsIndustry, safety, work
Atoms and EngineeringEnergy, science, complex systemsEnergy, technology, ecology
Space and monitoringObservation, communication, navigation, dataDigital environment, security, territory
Transport and logisticsConnectivity and Supply ChainTransport, territory, exports
Housing and citiesEnvironment, public infrastructureHousing, water, ecology, demography
Social and cultural sphereAccessibility of services and human capacityHealth, education, heritage

* The matrix is a design proposal. Specific legal entities and powers are determined after analyzing the laws, statutes, strategies and decisions of the owner.

  • The owner of the national result is the government body; the leader of the corporate flow is responsible for the agreed portfolio.
  • The interface between the participants captures the input, output, quality, time, data, risk and reservation.
Effect. Duplication of projects is eliminated, critical chain breaks are revealed and a general plan of capacities, technologies and personnel appears.

17 Financing by Result

Function: Link Capital to Balance Sheets → Result: Secured Development Portfolio

The financial circuit combines federal and regional programs, corporate investment, development institutions, project financing and private capital at the portfolio level - without mixing legal sources.

LevelDecisionThe control question
National balanceResource limit and target effectWhat deficit is closed?
PortfolioPriorities and interdependencesWhich combination of projects is better?
ProjectCAPEX, OPEX, EAC, graph, incomeIs the cost of the life cycle complete?
ContractStages, payment, security, sanctionsWhat is considered execution?
AssetCondition, availability, repair, residual resourceHow is the function supported?
ResultFact, attribution, evidenceWhat has changed for the country?
  • A socially necessary but commercially disadvantageous function is taken into account separately and receives a transparent compensation mechanism.
  • The positive effect is not offset with damage, critical risk or an unfulfilled requirement.
  • The capital is allocated according to the project readiness, contribution to the balance sheet, risk, cross-industry effect and quality of evidence.
The portfolio principle. It is not the profit of one organization that is optimized, but the risk - the adjusted national result while maintaining the financial stability of the performers.

18 Technological and personnel sovereignty

Function: Identify dependencies → Result: Substitution and competence development programs

Each significant project is tested for critical dependencies on technologies, components, data, personnel, equipment, materials and intellectual rights. The register is associated with programs of science, education, production and procurement.

ObjectRegistry FieldsManagement action
TechnologyReadiness, rights, testing, alternativeR&D / License / Cooperation
Material / ComponentOrigin, criticality, stock, replacementQualification of supplier
EquipmentCondition, servicing, spare parts, tools and accessories, softwareReservation and localization
Data / AlgorithmOwner, jurisdiction, model, portabilityThe Sovereign Contour
CompetenceProfile, number, age, deficitTraining order and mentoring
KnowledgeDocumentation, media, successor, criticalityArchive and transmission
  • Corporate order for competencies is aggregated on the horizons 1, 3, 6 and 12 years.
  • The technology that has been validated and has given a confirmed effect, and not only completed R&D, is considered to be implemented.
  • Critical dependence is closed only after testing the alternative in a real production circuit.
The bundle. Science → Standard → Test → Production → Operation → Result Data → educational order update.

19 Sustainability and safety

Function: Prepare System for Shocks → Result: Continuity and Recovery

Sustainability is assessed not by the presence of a document, but by the ability to maintain a critical function and restore it to normative time. For each function, the minimum level of service, dependencies, reserve and the order of mobilization are determined.

ScenarioUnder reviewWithdrawal
Supply gapStock, alternative supplier, replacementSwitching plan
Infrastructure failurePower reserve, bypass route, autonomyContinuity plan
Cyber IncidentSegmentation, recovery, clean copiesResponse protocol
Deficit of staffDuplication of competencies, continuityReplacement plan
Natural threatMonitoring, thresholds, territorial consequencesEarly warning
Financial stressLiquidity, obligations, covenantsAnti-crisis scenario
Regulatory changeRights, terms of transition, costConformity Plan

Risk-adjusted index: ISBᴿᴬ = ISBᵍᵃᵗᵉ × (1−R) × (0,5+0,5U), where R is the expected loss of the result, U is the saving function taking into account the recovery time. Index, risk and sustainability are also shown separately.

Invalid compensation. High profits cannot cover the failure of security, technological independence or mandatory state result.

20 100-day pilot

Function: Check Architecture → Result: Working Minimum Cycle

The pilot is mainly managerial and digital. Its scale is the estimated offer: 3–5 corporate members, 2–3 territories, 5 interrelated balances and 10–15 projects. The specific composition is approved by the employer.

TimeframeActionsBenchmark
1–10Customer, Mandate, Participants, Balance Sheets, TerritoryPilot's passport
11–25Inventory of strategies, assets, data, projectsReference line
26–40Classifier, balance sheets, data agreementsUnified data model
41–60Minimum digital twin and three scenariosScenario passports
61–75SFERA, ECO-PPA, executive consortiaSecured portfolio
76–90Performance control, ESG IR, stress testResult and Risk Panel
91–100Full cycle, adjustment, final reportDecision on the next wave
The criterion of success. At least one signal has to go the full way: data → analysis → solution → Agreement → execution → Proof → Adjustment of balance.
  • Capital-intensive actions - only within the framework of already approved programs and powers.
  • On the 25th day, the baseline, formulas and target thresholds are fixed; retrospective fit is excluded.

21 KPI, index and control

Function: Measure and Correct → Result: Control Panel and Action Register

Taking into account the methods of the Government, it is advisable to keep no more than 10 rewarded upper-level KPI, and use additional indicators as diagnostic and risk control. For each corporation, the set adapts to a special mandate.

Upper level KPI (up to 10)Diagnostic indicators
1. Achievement of state result11. Critical external dependencies
2. Checkpoints on time12. Implementation of validated technologies
3. Beneficiary coverage by normative output13. Environmental intensity
4. Implementation of the production program14. Frequency of serious incidents
5. Technical availability of assets15. Continuity and recovery time
6. Labour productivitySeparately: evidentiary class ESG-IR
7. Cost of life cycleSeparately: risk and safety tolerances
8. Covering liabilities in cash flowSeparately: data quality and relevance
9. Share of internal value addedSeparately: cross-industry attribution
10. Cross-sectoral contributionSeparately: corrective actions

Integrated Strategic Balance Index: ISB = 100 × exp(Σ vₖ ln max(ε,Bₖ)). Geometric aggregation limits the compensation of the failure of one block to the success of another; mandatory requirements are applied as separate access gateways.

Three-level control. Automated data and limits control → Internal audit of the corporation → Risk-oriented external audit of legality and final state result.

Source / legal basis: Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 3579-r in the current version; special laws on state corporations.

22 Road map 2026–2036 and proposed solutions

Function: Scale by Readiness → Result: National Balance Sheet System

PeriodStageResult
2026Concept and 100-day pilotVerified minimum cycle
2027–2028The First WavePriority corporate and territorial contours
2029–2030Federation of Balance SheetsComparable passports, data and portfolios
2031–2033Predictive managementRegular scenarios and early warning
2034–2036Mature systemContinuous cycle of decision, execution and correction

It is proposed to issue an order of the Government:

  1. determine the federal customer, the pilot’s head and the interdepartmental working group;
  2. approve 5 balances, territories, participants and data admission criteria;
  3. prepare a single passport of the state mandate and a map of the legal perimeter;
  4. deploy IAC, minimum digital twin, SFERA, ECO‑PPA, SPECZASHCHITA, ESG>IR and Heritage Archive;
  5. on the 100th day to present the results, legal proposals, the next wave estimate and the decision to scale.
Bottom line. State corporations do not become parallel centers of policy, but specialized nodes of execution. The state gets an overall picture of assets, flows, risks and outcomes while maintaining legitimate mandates.

Main official sources

  • 172‑FZ "About Strategic Planning"
  • Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 309 of 07.05.2024
  • Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 761 of 19.06.2026
  • 7‑FZ About non-profit organizations, article 7.1
  • KPI Methodology, Order No. 3579

Source materials

Originals and versions of the document

  • Upravlenie_stranoi_Goskorporatsii_SUR.docxDOCX · main document