Project
STRATEGY OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE CABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC TO 2040
INTRODUCTION
The strategy of socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic up to 2040 (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy) is the fundamental document of the strategic planning system of the republic, the purpose of which is to identify and disclose the main problems, determine long-term goals, justify priority directions and scenarios for the development of the economy and social sphere of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for the period up to 2040.
The Strategy takes into account the general trends in the development of the economy and civil society, the macroeconomic situation in Russia, as well as the conceptual foundations and directions of the policy of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation.
The document contains an analysis of the state and main directions of development of the economy and the social sphere of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, an analysis of key problems of socio-economic development, an assessment of the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the republic, a scenario analysis and a forecast of macroeconomic indicators for two possible development options.
The strategy is formulated in accordance with the provisions of the article 32 the Federal Law 28 June 2014 N 172-FZ "On strategic planning in the Russian Federation", the Law of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic 28 December 2018 N 47Strategic Planning in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, taking into account the goals and objectives of the long-term development of the Russian Federation, the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and nearby regions, federal state programs and state programs of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the Scheme of territorial planning of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
Section I. ASSESSMENT OF THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE CABARDINO-BALKARIAN REPUBLIC
1.1. Analysis of socio-economic development of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
Socio-economic
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has been characterized by sufficient stability in recent years. Even in a crisis, the positive dynamics of its main
development
indicators.
The volume of gross regional product of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has reached 2022 the Year 258,9 billion RUB, with the growth rate compared to the previous year in comparable prices 107%.
Industry
The industrial complex of the republic, the construction enterprises of engineering, is dynamically developing.
including materials, food, light, woodworking and other industries.
the University of London
Many enterprises are leading manufacturers of diamond tools, clothing, cable products of a wide range of applications, high-voltage switches, radio electronics devices, noise silencers to cars and trucks, complex medical equipment.
In the structure of manufacturing industries, the largest share is occupied by the sub-sectors "food production", "drink production", computers, electronic and optical products", "production of finished metal products".
“ Production
“ Production
clothes,
For 2019-2023 over the years, the volume of shipped goods of own production, performed works and services in current prices increased by 36,2% and in 2023 the Year of the Master 61,1 billion roubles.
The growth of the industrial production index for 5 years was 129,5%. Among the subjects that are part of the North Caucasus Federal District, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in terms of shipped goods in 2019-2022 occupied 3th place (after the Stavropol Territory and the Republic of Dagestan).
The index of industrial production in 2020 and 2022 was higher than the average for the Russian Federation and the North Caucasus Federal District.
Utilities
Water supply and sanitation are an important branch of the territorial infrastructure and is designed to provide comfortable living conditions for the population for a long time, provided that it is constantly maintained in proper condition. This is the most complex production and technological complex of life support of the population, in which a quarter of the fixed assets are concentrated, including: water supply facilities - the total length of water supply networks is 4248,16 km, only 545 water intakes. Deterioration of water supply networks - 65,10 %, water intake facilities - 56,24%;
water disposal facilities – 9 Sewerage Treatment Facilities (USC 217,3 thousand.m3/day., 740,74 km of sewerage networks, 24 Pumping Stations.
Currently, the proportion of the population provided with quality water supply is 91,66%; 34 settlements are provided with self-flowing water supply to reduce energy consumption; 35 rural settlements receive water through water channels, this is an important part of water supply, aimed at covering the daily and economic needs of centralized water supply.
Human Settlements
Population;
Paragraphs
without
7
Great attention is paid to solving problems of uninterrupted
Providing the population of the republic with quality drinking water.
One of the solutions to the problems of improving water supply and providing the population with high-quality drinking water is participation in the programs implemented in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the field of water supply and sanitation.
During the period 2019-2023 in Kabardino-Balkarian
The Republic has implemented activities on:
construction and reconstruction of water supply facilities - built, reconstructed and replaced water supply networks with a length of 435,8 km, drilled 46 wells;
- built 42
Drainage
objects
Kilomile
Sewerage networks and 1 sewage treatment plant.
Agro-industrial complex
Agroindustrial
the economy of Kabardino-Balkaria, on the condition and development of which depends not only the food and financial security of the inhabitants of the republic, but also the socio-economic development of the territory as a whole.
The most important
complex
is
Agriculture
Agriculture makes the largest contribution (20,7%) to the gross regional product of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. The industry is developing dynamically, which is ensured by a fuller use of competitive potential, intensification of high-tech investment projects, as well as state financial support for commodity producers.
Natural Resource Implementation
and production,
Benefits
V 2023 the Year of Creation 100 the Department of Agriculture 2,2 more than the average in the North Caucasus Federal District and 3,7 more than the average in the Russian Federation. According to the indicator of agricultural production per capita Kabardino - Balkar Republic 1- the place among the republics that are part of the North Caucasus Federal District, the index of agricultural production – 1- the place.
Over the past five years, the volume of agricultural production in a comparable estimate has increased by 49,9% and compiled the results 2023 years 96 billion roubles.
Agricultural production in 2019-2023
96037,1
84382,1
114,0
112,0
120000,0
100000,0
80000,0
60000,0
54933,6
59241,5
110,0
110,1
110,0
67970,8
40000,0
20000,0
0,0
104,9
2019 years
108,4
109,0
108,0
106,0
104,0
2021 years
2020 Gross agricultural output, million rubles Agricultural production index, %
2022 years
2023 years
The share of agricultural products in the total volume of agricultural products was 30,1%, increased almost to 6,4% Compared to 2019 Year. During this period, the share of agricultural production in the agricultural sector decreased 37,5% in 2019 the Year 26,1% in 2023 the Year.
Crop production is the leading branch of the agro-industrial complex of the republic. The share of crop production in the total volume of agricultural production in the year 2023 amounted to 59%.
Warm climate, fertile land allow to obtain good harvests of field crops, vegetables and fruits, to develop selection and seed production.
In the structure of the sown areas of the republic more than 75% are grain crops, the main one of them is corn (more than 70% crops). On the lands of the republic, winter wheat and spring wheat, barley, millet, oats, buckwheat, peas, etc. are cultivated. The growth of grain production over the past five years amounted to 125,12% and in 2023 reached 1421,1 thousand tons.
Kabardino-Balkarian
Traditionally, the Republic is a vegetable country. Tomatoes, cucumbers, greens, melon crops, onions, cabbage, carrots, sugar beet are grown in the republic. Vegetables are grown in protected and open ground. In the year 2023, almost 470,1 thousand tons of various vegetables were collected.
is
Production of vegetables in farms of all categories for the period 2019-2023 years increased by 16%. Including the production of greenhouse vegetables in 2023 the Year 39 thousand tons, which is 3,7 higher than the indicator 2019 years.
Kabardino-Balkaria is the leader in the production of fruit and vegetable canned food among the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District. In 2023 year fruit and vegetable cans were produced - 314,6 million conditional cans.
The Republic has unique conditions for specialization in the field of horticulture. Kabardino-Balkaria occupies a leading position in the country in the construction of intensive-type gardens and the production of fruit and berry products.
Kabardino-Balkaria Republic is in the TOP-3 regions of Russia in terms of bookmarking of perennial plantings. From 2019 to 2023 year laid 8,2 thousand hectares of new gardens and nurseries. All gardens are of intensive and super-intensive type.
15 is valid for laying high-quality gardens in the republic
certified farms for growing planting material.
Annual production of seedlings is more than 2,5 million pieces, of which more than a million are sent outside the region. In 2023 year new nurseries laid on an area of about 150 hectares.
amounts to
To start 2024 years the area of perennial fruit and berry plantations ha. The area of intensive and thousands of super-intensive gardens - 23 thousand ha. Gross fruit and berry production charges for 2019-2023 Years have been increased in 2,2 once. V 2023 The gross collection of this product was 786 thousand tons (1- the place among the subjects of the Russian Federation).
26,4
In 2023 the area of actually irrigated lands amounted to 73,5
thousand, which is 171% to the level 2019 years.
Over the past five years, 658 units of various new agricultural machinery have been purchased. At the beginning of the year in the republic there are 5216 tractors, 569 combine harvesters, 45 feed harvesters. Available agricultural machinery allows you to carry out the entire range of field work at a high level and quickly.
For energy supply from 2019 to 2023 years Kabardino-Balkarian
The Republic holds 1 seats in the NCFD.
In the animal husbandry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
41% gross agricultural output.
Priority areas of the industry are dairy, meat cattle, poultry, sheep, breeding livestock, fish farming.
As of 1 January 2024 breeding stock
is 27,7 thousand conventional heads (146,5% to 2019).
V 2023 In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic meat (cattle and poultry) was produced) – 142,4 thousand tons (127% to the level 2019 Year of Milk – 601,3 thousand tons (116,9%), Eggs – 258,6 Millions of pieces (112,4%).
The most promising and rapidly developing livestock industry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is poultry, which accounts for almost half (47%) of the meat produced. The number of birds in all categories of farms of the republic is more than 4,5 million heads. Poultry production is growing every year, including through the implementation of investment projects.
Further increase in meat production is planned
Birds.
The food and processing industry over the past years remains one of the main drivers of output growth in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. On the industrial production of the territory of the republic carry out production activities 119 food and processing industry (including individual entrepreneurs, small and micro enterprises). The total number of employees in the food and processing industry in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is 4494 people.
Construction
For 2019-2023 Over the years, the total area of housing built in the republic, taking into account individual housing construction, increased by 28,4% and compiled in 2023 the Year 559,3 thousand sq. m.
Commissioning of residential buildings by organizations of all forms of ownership, thousand sq. m
559,3
514,4
522,6
500,4
474,1
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
580
560
540
520
500
480
460
440
420
Among the subjects that are part of the North Caucasus Federal District, in terms of the volume of housing introduced, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in 2023 lost to the Chechen Republic, Stavropol Krai and the Republic of Dagestan.
4th place,
Shea
the Year
Construction of residential buildings in 2023, thousand sq. m
Stavropol Krai
Chechen Republic
1791,9
2331,5
Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
Karachay - Cherkess Republic
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
481,5
419,9
559,3
Republic of Ingushetia
162,6
Republic of Dagestan
1617,4
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
In the total volume of housing introduced in the North Caucasus Federal District in 2023, the share of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is 7,6%.
The main volume of commissioned housing in the republic falls on individual developers, in 2023 - 57,4% of the total.
The volume of work performed by the type of activity "Construction", in current prices increased for 2019-2023 years more than in 2 Once in a while I made 2023 the Year 37,9 billion roubles.
In the total amount of work performed on the type of activity "Construction" in the North Caucasus Federal District in 2023, the share of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic accounts for 6,2%.
Transport and roads
electric, railway,
The main components of the transport system of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic are public transport (road, urban communication and public transport safety, road management. Analysis of the state of development, identification of needs and methods of determining ways to solve problems in each direction require a balanced improvement approach for the transport system of the republic.
Promising
by air,
Support
Development
and
Transportation of passengers is carried out by buses small, medium and
large capacity depending on the intensity of passenger traffic.
The municipal routes of Kabardino-Balkaria are represented by 85 routes, intermunicipal - 122 routes.
Republic
The infrastructure of railway transport in the republic consists of railways with length 133,3 km, access roads length 70 Kilomile, 10 stations, including 2 Train Station, 50 Platforms. 15 Rail
Rail
Moving,
Rail transport carries passengers in suburban traffic and long-distance trains.
The most important component of the transport system of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic are roads. From the level of transport and operational status and development of a network of public roads that provide communication between regions and settlements of the republic, the solution of problems of achieving sustainable economic growth, improving business conditions and improving the quality of life of the population largely depends. At present, the total length of the roads of the Republic passing (federal, regional and local significance) is 10588,5 km. Roads, depending on their value, are divided into:
Kabardino - Balkar
Territory
the City Council
Public roads of federal significance -
384,7 km;
public roads of regional importance -
2950,9 km;
public roads of local importance - 7252,9 km. Length
Use of regional significance in relation to the total length of roads in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is 27,87%.
Automotive
General
Roads
On the roads of federal and regional importance is currently operating 559 Bridges and overpasses, the total length of which is 16584,01 M, on the federal roads – 101 The bridge is long 5437 M on regional roads – 221 The bridge is long 7572,24 M, on the municipal roads – 237 Bridges Long 3574,8 pg. m.".
Fuel and energy complex
Fuel and energy complex
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is a set of interrelated sectors of the economy, including structures engaged in gas, heat, oil, electricity and consumption systems.
(more)
The power system of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic operates as part of the Unified Power System (UES) of the South in parallel with the UES of Russia, communication with which is organized along voltage transmission lines 330 KV and 110 kV through the electrical networks of adjacent regions. The energy system of the region is 5 Intersystem Connections 330 KW (3 - with the power system of the Stavropol Territory, 2 - with the power system of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania) and 7 Intersystem Connections 110 KW (4 - with the power system of the Stavropol Territory and 3 - with the power system of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania). The level of provision of settlements of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic with electric energy is 100%.
Control room
Operation Management
Power Systems
Management
The Republic,
Kabardino-Balkarian operation of existing hydroelectric power plants, system-forming lines 330 kV and power lines from power stations voltage 110 kV is carried out by the dispatch center of the branch of the joint-stock company "System Operator of the Unified Energy System" "Regional dispatch management of power systems of the republics of the North Caucasus and Stavropol Territory".
Modes
The electricity supplier in the country is
Joint Stock Company PJSC "Rosseti North Caucasus".
(installed
Electricity production is provided by the Baksansky Zaragizhskaya hydroelectric power plants (installed capacity 27 MW), Auschiger (installed capacity - 60 MW), Kashkhatau (installed capacity - 65,1 a) the power of the Muharram 0,9 MW), Akbashskaya (installed capacity - 1 MW), MHPP N 3 (Installed capacity - 3,5 MW), Verkhnebalkarskaya (installed capacity - 10 MW) and two thermal power plants.
30,6 MW),
Power
Currently, 2 investment projects are being implemented in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for the construction of 2 small hydroelectric power plants (MHPPs): Cherekskaya MHPP and Verkhnebaksanskaya MHPP.
The most important indicators affecting the functioning of the power system are the balance of electric energy (power), which in the republic depends on the purchased energy in the wholesale market, and the structure of electricity consumption. In total, the amount of electricity generated by power plants located in the republic is more than 32%.
Consumable
Share
An average of more than 1.5 billion kWh of electricity is sold in the republic each year. To meet consumers’ electricity demand in full, generating capacity of up to 250 MW is needed to cover the base load, and up to 100 MW to cover the winter peak load, including the necessary reliability reserve. The substantial hydro resources, climatic conditions, construction- enabling installation work, location in the area of the republic’s road and electricity networks provide extensive opportunities to stimulate investment in the energy sector. is produced
Construction sites
Year-round
Implementing
Thermal
Large
Maintenance
energy
Small
the City
and
(decentralized) CHP and boiler systems
Gas Distribution
a property complex consisting of gas pipelines 8036,9 km, of which 2 729,4 km is above ground and 5307,5 Kilometres underground. The CBD is located 41 Gas Distribution Station.
Presents
CBD
Gas supply
consumers of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is carried out by Gazprom Mezhregiongaz Nalchik. Operation
gas distribution networks and facilities on the networks are carried out by Gazprom Nalchik. Both companies are part of the Gazprom Mezhregiongaz Group. The annual volume of natural gas supplies to the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic exceeds cubic meters. The priority area for Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the existing gas infrastructure. The development will contribute to the growth of economic potential, as well as the investment attractiveness of the republic.
Gas Supply
1,4 billion
System
In the republic, a program of social gasification in gasified settlements (dogasification) is being implemented, under which points without attracting funds from the population are connected to the boundaries of land plots of non-gasified households owned by individuals on the right of ownership or on another right provided for by law, according to the submitted application.
Budget
V
Sphere
Economics
Budget
The positive dynamics of tax revenues to the budget system of the Russian Federation remains. Budgets at all levels in 2023 Taxes and other mandatory payments in the amount of 23482,6 Millions of rubles, which 9,8% higher than 2022 years. For 5 Tax payments to the budget system of the Russian Federation have increased over the years 1,6 times.
Republic
For 2019 - 2023 the Consolidated Budget of Kabardino - Balkarian Republic 1,9 Time and made 69991,0 million rubles. Tax and non-tax revenues of the consolidated budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the amount of 24804,0 Millions of rubles for 5 Years have increased in 1,5 once. Expenditure
The budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for the analyzed period increased by 2,1 times and in 2023 amounted to 70096,2 million rubles.
Consolidated
As a result of the measures taken by the Government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, it was possible to significantly reduce the size of the state debt of the republic, as well as the cost of its maintenance. For 5 The amount of CBD’s public debt has decreased over the years 25,0% and as of 1 January 2024 The amount of the state debt of the republic 7739,8 million rubles.
The implementation of the main directions of the debt policy will be sustainable
to contribute to the budget system of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
further
Debt
Tourism
Has
High
Kabardino-Balkaria
Recreational Specialization Areas are
tourist and recreational potential, which is due to a unique combination of natural conditions. The main recreation complex "Prielbrusye" and sanatorium complex "Nalchik". Currently, the list of objects of the resort-recreational and tourist complex of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has 390 collective accommodation facilities, which are simultaneously ready to accommodate 18190 tourists and vacationers.
Tourist flow, thousands of people
1533
1213
1086
602
540
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2019 years
2020 years
2021 years
2022 years
2023 years
Tourist flow for 5 years increased by 2,8 times and amounted to 2023 years
1533 thousand people.
status
National
In recent years, a number of measures have been implemented to update existing and develop new tourist routes. In 2022 the tourist route "Three Gorges of Kabardino-Balkaria and the majestic Elbrus" received a tourist route. In addition to popularizing the region, the presence of an approved national tourist route allows the republic to participate in a grant program in the direction of arranging the national tourist route. It should also be noted the work carried out by JSC "KAVKAZ.RF" in the framework of the interregional tourist route "National Caucasian Trail" - in general, it is planned to equip about 500 km throughout the republic.
Within the framework of the project to create a tourist cluster in the North Caucasus Federal District under the management of KAVKAZ.RF JSC, work is actively underway in the republic to develop the Prielbrusya zone, which involves the modernization of the resort and bringing the ski infrastructure in line with international standards. In the course of implementation, it is planned to expand the ski areas by building new ski slopes and cable cars. The construction of an artificial snowmaking system is also being carried out and the arrangement of
tourist routes.
In order to create a favorable image of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic annually takes part in international, all-Russian and interregional events in the field of tourism.
Social sphere
Education
According to Rosstat 1 February 2024 People in the Republic 87052 Children under the age 6 years, from 7 to 17 years – 102248 children who receive general, additional and secondary vocational education in 387 State and municipal educational organizations.
The education system of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is currently functioning 266 Organizations that offer pre-school education programs 47875 Pupils.
C 2016 the Republic of Moldova 100- percentage availability
Preschool education from 2 months to 7 years.
According to the educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, 121603 people study, educational 266 general educational organizations. 17918 people work in general education organizations, including 10713 teachers and 7126 teachers.
Execute
Activities
Also
Additional education of children provided 24 institutions, including 21 Municipal and 3 State. They work around 50 Thousands of children. Educational activities are carried out 769 employees, including 557 Pedagogical workers.
Condition
Inherent
socio-economic
The development of the republic is an effectively built system of professional education and science. This activity is being implemented 6 Scientific Institutions, 3 Federal Universities and 18 Secondary Vocational Education Institutions, 6 of which are subdivisions of higher education organizations, 9 – the Ministry of Education of the CBD 3 – Private.
Health care
Currently in the system structure
the Kabardino - Balkarian Republic 45 medical organizations, including 11 Hospitals, 1 the District Hospital, 1 the District Hospital, 4 Dispensary, 11 Polyclinics, 17 Specialized Centers.
Health organizations of the republic work 3444 Doctor and 7999 Personnel in nursing positions. They operate in the Republic 31 Medical and Obstetrics Department, 11
the Health Care Centers, 93 Medical Outpatients and 1 medical center, which are structural units of central district hospitals and provide primary health care to the population.
The population of the Republic of Korea has reached the 2023 the Year 72 Beds on 10 Thousands of people. The availability of doctors is 46 on 10 thousands of people, the provision of secondary medical personnel 10 Thousands of people – 97.
In recent years, the material and technical equipment of medical organizations has significantly improved, which made it possible to introduce high-tech methods of treatment and diagnosis, the receipt of which was previously possible only outside the republic.
hospitals,
Republican
On the basis of the Republican Clinical Hospital, the Interdistrict Clinical Multidisciplinary Center for High Medical Technologies, the City Clinical Hospital No 2, Perinatal Center, Republican Children's Clinical Multidisciplinary Center, Center for Combating AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Oncology Dispensary, Center for Allergology and Immunology, Republican Clinical Medical and Surgical High-tech Medical Care by Profiles: Neurosurgery, Cardiovascular Surgery, Ophthalmology, Traumatology-Orthopedics, Maxillofacial Surgery, Abdo-Personal Surgery.
It turns out
Center
In order to provide high-quality and timely medical care, the fleet of sanitary vehicles has been updated, including purchased reanimation vehicles equipped with artificial ventilation devices, cardio monitors, defibrillators.
Measures aimed at improving the organization of medical care and increasing its accessibility, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, promotion of a healthy lifestyle contributed to a decrease in mortality in 2023 to 7,5 per 1000 inhabitants, which is one of the lowest rates in the country (on average in the Russian Federation - 12,1).
The provision of medical care in the field of motherhood and childhood is provided by a preventive modern perinatal center. Infant mortality rate in the Republic 2023 the Year of the Master 3,6 in the calculation of 1000 Born (in 2018 the Year – 4,8).
Multidisciplinary
The institutions,
developed
which
Network
Numbers
The implementation of demographic policy measures allowed to increase life expectancy in the republic from 76,08 in 2018 to 77,14 in 2023.
Physical Culture and Sports
In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, much attention is paid to the development of physical culture and sports, the formation of a healthy image of a strong life of the population, the younger generation, as well as a worthy performance of athletes at the largest all-Russian and international sports competitions, which is one of the components of the socio-economic development of Kabardino-Balkaria.
Physical education
Harmonious
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030" in the established targets characterizing the achievement of national goals, the proportion of citizens involved in systematic physical culture and sports should be at least 70,0% by 2030.
A special role in the development of physical culture and sports at the place of residence is played by 13 units in the field of physical culture and sports of municipalities, which are part of the physical culture movement, and they are the ones who carry out the amount of practical work on the development of physical culture and mass sports at the place of residence and study.
are the main
52
In the system of development of physical culture and sports function 47 sports schools, sports training center of national teams of Kabardino-Balkaria Republic, professional football club "Spartak-Nalchik", sports federations, Olympic Council and various sports clubs. In the sports sector, from which 13 State and 36 Municipal, 39 Sport Sports 27693 Man, of them 25643 – Children and youth before 18 years. 14 sports organizations train high-class athletes and have the status of Olympic reserve schools.
Accredited
Regional
Today, 678 full-time students work in sports schools of the republic.
Teachers and 219 combine work activities.
Integrated work has resulted in 2023 in the year to increase the proportion of persons systematically engaged in physical culture and sports in the total population of the Republic of 3-79 years before 56,2%.
For the quality preparation of the sports reserve of the national teams of Russia, 11 basic sports were approved, which included: boxing, skiing, judo, athletics, karate, modern pentathlon, sports wrestling, weightlifting, hand-to-hand and universal combat, taekwondo.
According to the Unified Calendar Plans of the Ministry of Sport of the Russian Federation and the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, more than 300 events are held annually, of which about 80-90 are interregional, all-Russian and international levels.
The Republic,
In order to stimulate and financially support coaches and athletes who have achieved international and all-Russian sporting events, there are decrees of the Head of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to pay monetary rewards to athletes of the republic - members of the national teams of the Russian Federation and teachers.
Results
High
In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, targeted work is being carried out to attract people with disabilities to regular physical education and sports, to create the necessary conditions for reunification with society, participation in socially useful work and rehabilitation of their health.
More than 30 sports events are held annually for people with disabilities. Athletes of this category take part in republican and all-Russian competitions, where they become winners and prize-winners.
Priority
sports infrastructure through the construction and commissioning of sports facilities within walking distance for people to engage in physical culture and sports.
Direction
development
is
C 2018 the Year of Construction 68 objects, of which 10 Sports Complex and 58 Construction of flats, including: 34 Multifunctional Sports Grounds, 12 GTO sites, 4 Standard Football Fields with Artificial Coating, 3 the Open Type Sports and Health Complex, 4 "Smart" sports fields, 1 mini-field with artificial coating.
The level of providing citizens with sports facilities based on one-time capacity" is 58,0%, which corresponds to the target values of the state program "Development of physical culture and sports in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic".
Interethnic relations
Kabardino-Balkarian Multiconfessional Republic.
Republic
–
Multinational
and
The system of educational and cultural institutions operating in Kabardino-Balkaria generally meets the ethnocultural and religious needs of the peoples living in the republic.
The main ethnic diasporas and communities have created public organizations, the main purpose of which is to fully express the needs and requests of the peoples they represent in preserving ethnic groups in the socio-cultural space of the republic. There are about 40 national public associations in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, including 14 national cultural centers.
Registered in the Republic 193 religious organizations, including 138 Muslim, 23 Orthodox, 1 Judaic, 1 Armenian, 3
Roman Catholic and 27 Protestants. The Republic operates 150 Mosques, 20 Orthodox Churches, 1 Monastery, 4 the Temple Chapel, 1 synagogue, 25 Protestant and 3 Roman Catholic Prayer Houses.
The state authorities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and local self-government bodies, observing the principle of non-interference, maintain constructive relations with national cultural centers, national and religious associations, Cossack societies, cooperate with them in the observance of legislation on freedom of speech, freedom of religion, ensuring interethnic, interreligious and intrareligious harmony, religious and humanitarian education, the use of their capabilities in spiritual and moral education. They provide financial, material and other assistance in the construction and restoration of religious buildings and objects that are monuments of history and culture, providing tax and other benefits. This has a positive impact on the improvement and stabilization of the socio-political situation in the republic.
An important factor in stabilizing the socio-political situation in the republic is the support and interaction with compatriots living abroad.
Efforts are aimed at implementing cultural and humanitarian projects, objective coverage of the history of the Russian state, the study of native and Russian languages, improving the mechanisms for returning compatriots living abroad to their historical homeland, and forming a positive image of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and the Russian Federation as a whole by representatives of the Adyghe and Balkarian diasporas abroad.
The activities of public organizations of compatriots abroad and in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are focused on the revival and development of cultural and spiritual heritage, the preservation of its national identity, the strengthening of peace, friendship and harmony between peoples.
More than 60 public associations of compatriots are actively working in the Russian Federation and abroad, in particular: "International Circassian Association" includes 15 organizations, of which 6 operate abroad (Turkey, Jordan, Germany, Israel, Syria, Abkhazia), 9 in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (CBD, KCR, RA, Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol).
Also,
abroad there are 17 Karachay-Balkarian public organizations, of which: in the Republic of Turkey - 13, the Republic of Kazakhstan - 3, the Kyrgyz Republic - 1
Standard of living
In recent years, as a result of the growth of production in real terms
The economic sector and the implementation of national projects and government programmes aimed at improving the quality and living standards of the population have significantly reduced the number of people living abroad in poverty.
Thus, the population with monetary incomes below the subsistence minimum for 5 years decreased by 1,7 times and amounted to 2023 127,9 thousand people, or 14,2% of the total population.
Average monthly nominal wage, rubles
39987,6
35250,8
29899,0
31711,8
45000,0
40000,0
35000,0
30000,0
27466,4
25000,0
20000,0
15000,0
10000,0
5000,0
0,0
2019 years
2020 years
2021 years
2022 years
2023 years
During this period, more than 1,5 The average monthly nominal wage (in 25776 Rubles in 2018 the Year 39988 Rubles in 2023 year). With consumer prices rising, real wages have increased 10,6%. The average Republican salary in 2023 The year provided 2,4 The subsistence minimum of the working population.
Small Business
In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, small business is one of the
important areas of socio-economic development.
As of 10 January 2024 The number of small and medium-sized businesses was 21290 units (growth rate since the beginning of the current year – 109,9 %), including 5586 legal entities (growth rate since the beginning of the current year – 106,6 %), 15704 Individual entrepreneurs (growth rate since the beginning of the current year – 111,1 %).
By results 2023 The number of employees in the sphere of SMEs, including individual entrepreneurs operating in the territory of the republic, was 118,2 Thousands of people.
The number of self-employed citizens who have fixed their status and apply a special tax regime "Tax on professional - 71261 people, of which 69344 individuals and 1917 income" of individual entrepreneurs.
The number of newly created SMEs was 4767 units, including newly created legal entities - 613 units, newly created individual entrepreneurs - 4154 units.
In Kabardino-Balkaria, a service model for supporting small and medium-sized businesses is being implemented, involving the use of the entire arsenal of support measures at all stages of the life cycle of enterprises from registration to expansion and going beyond small forms through the development of infrastructure to support small and medium-sized businesses.
SME support infrastructure is a network of organizations that provide property, information, consulting and financial support to businesses.
For
2019–2023
Small businesses under special tax regimes amounted to 6461 million rubles.
income
Subjects
years
from
Tax revenues from small and medium-sized entities
Entrepreneurship, million rubles
1803,9
1671,2
1003,9
974,2
1007,8
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
As part of financial support to small and medium-sized businesses, guarantees are provided at the expense of the NGO "Guarantee Fund of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic" to attract
bank credit (hereinafter referred to as the Guarantee Fund).
the Guarantee Fund
397 sureties in the amount of 1656,7 million rubles were provided. The amount of loan agreements concluded under the guarantee of the Guarantee Fund amounted to 5452,6 million rubles.
period
the National Park
Amount of guarantees provided by the Guarantee Fund to small and medium-sized businesses
1170,4
1259,3
1047,1
1192,7
783,11
592,0
197,1
77
237,3
109
279,3
39
350,98
74
98
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Number of guarantees
Amount of loan agreements
Amount of loan agreements
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
For development and improvement
In the year 2016, a regional microfinance organization was established in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic - a non-profit microcredit company "Fund of Medium-Sized Enterprises of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic" (hereinafter - the Microcredit Fund).
Microcredit
Subjects
Small
and
Microcredit Fund for the specified period issued to small and medium-sized businesses 803 loans totaling 633,3 million rubles.
The amount of support provided by the Microcredit Fund to small and medium-sized businesses
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
348,8
177
166
169
77
79,2
69,4
79,7
214
28,1
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
number of microloans
amount, million rubles
Property support includes the provision of rental on preferential terms of state and municipal property through a network of business incubators located in the territory of the republic, also formed, lists of state and municipal property intended for the possession and (or) use of small businesses on a long-term basis.
Complementary
approved
Constantly
and
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On
Territory
Republic
I am functioning
There are 6 business incubators providing property support, where 79 entrepreneurs are located, which created 377 jobs. Also
In the framework of property support, lists of state and municipal property designed to provide ownership and (or) use to small and medium-sized businesses on a long-term basis have been formed and approved. As of 1 January 2024 the List of State Property 21 the object, in the list of municipal property - 183 Object.
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Information, consulting and methodological support is provided by almost all organizations of infrastructure support of small and medium-sized businesses, which for the convenience of entrepreneurs operate on a single platform - the Center for the provision of services "My Business".
Centre
Entrepreneurship of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, providing a complex of information, consulting and educational services, includes:
Support
Engineering Engineering
technological entrepreneurship;
center, readiness
providing subjects
Small
Services
Increase in average
and
SME Export-Oriented Entity Support Coordination Centre to facilitate export-oriented SME
to Russian and international markets; social innovations
Center
the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, whose main goal is the development of an innovative, small-scale system of entrepreneurial education.
Entrepreneurship,
Social
Middle
and
Agricultural
The center is also endowed with the functions of a regional center of competence in the field of implementation of cooperation in the development of organizational agricultural cooperatives and small forms of management in the republic.
in directed
support,
Objectives
measures
the City
Investment climate
The development of the economy of Kabardino-Balkaria in the medium term will depend entirely on the actions of state authorities and business in terms of attracting investment, improving the investment climate.
In the republic there is a positive dynamics of growth of investments in fixed assets. For the last 5 This number has increased over the years with 42,3 to 64,9 billion roubles.
Investment risks
- this is a key factor inhibiting the attraction of investments to the republic. A situation in which credit institutions refuse to finance the implementation of investment projects in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic or offer financial resources on conditions that make the implementation of the project unattractive cannot stimulate the activity of potential investors.
Measures are being taken to solve the strategic problem of increasing the investment attractiveness of the territory and attracting improvement of investments, investment legislation and creating favorable conditions for attracting investors.
the Department
attention
Special
In accordance with the Law of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic of 16 April 2001 No. 23-RZ "On Investment Activities in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic", the following measures of state support may be applied to entities carrying out the republic:
Activities
Territory
the City
the Kabardino - Balkarian State Guarantees
Republic;
providing a benefit on the property tax of organizations; reducing the rate of corporate income tax; providing security in the form of collateral for the objects of the pledge fund
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
Providing investment tax credits for regional
taxes;
provision of subsidies from the republican budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for reimbursement of part of the costs of interest payments on loans received by the subjects of investment activity in credit institutions;
provision of subsidies from the republican budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic for reimbursement of part of the costs for payment of leasing payments under financial lease (leasing) agreements concluded by the subjects of investment activity;
Subsidies from the Republican Budget
Balkar Republic in the implementation of investment projects;
reduction of corporate income tax rate for some
categories of taxpayers in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
Land for rent without bidding in
in accordance with the orders of the Head of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
In addition to the investment legislation,
The measures of support provided for at the federal level are in force.
Thus, in order to protect investors and promote investment 01.04.2020 Law No 69-FZ “On protection and promotion adopted Federal (SZPK). SZPK is an investment agreement in the Russian Federation between the Russian Federation and/or its subjects and the organization implementing the investment project. This agreement provides a number of benefits for organizations implementing investment projects.
This law was adopted at the republican level.
Relevant regulatory legal acts:
the Government of the CBD 31.08.2020 № 199-PP "On the determination of the Ministry of Economic Development of the CBD by the executive body of state power of the CBD authorized to sign agreements on protection and promotion of investments from the CBD";
(b) reconstruction that provides and
the Government of the CBD 24.05.2021 № 112-PP "On reimbursement of Kabardino-approval of the Rules for determining the volume of Balkar Republic costs for the creation (construction), modernization of related and infrastructures necessary for the implementation of an investment project, in respect of which an agreement on the protection and promotion of investment, as well as the cost of interest on loans and loans, coupon payments on bonded loans attracted for these purposes, and the provision of subsidies for these purposes in accordance with the budget legislation of the Russian Federation";
(or)
the Government of the CBD 11.12.2021 № 249-PP "On approval of the list of laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, applied taking into account the features established by article 9 Federal Law.
the RF Government Decree 19.10.2020 № 1704 About approval of Rules of determination of new investment projects, in order to
implementation of which the funds of the budget of the subject of the Russian Federation released as a result of reducing the amount of repayment of debt of the subject of the Russian Federation to the Russian Federation on budget loans are subject to the direction of implementation by the subject of the Russian Federation of budget investments in infrastructure objects.
In order to implement this resolution, the CBD adopted: the Decree of the Government of the CBD of 22.10.2021 No. 461-rp on the definition of the executive body of state power of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, authorized to sign agreements on behalf of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic on the implementation of new investment projects included in the consolidated list of new investment projects;
the Government of the CBD 30.12.2021 № 291-PP "On approval of the Procedure for the formation of the list of new investment projects for inclusion in the consolidated list of new investment projects";
the Government of the CBD 30.12.2021 № 292-PP "On approval of the procedure for granting subsidies from the republican budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to legal entities for reimbursement of costs for the creation of infrastructure facilities necessary for the implementation of new investment projects".
During the reporting period, more than 20 large investment projects were implemented in the republic, including under the state program "Development of the North Caucasus Federal District" with the involvement of co-financing from the federal budget, among which the following should be noted:
the Russian Federation
The first production stage of the project of Chegem Agro LLC "Construction of a greenhouse complex for the production of fruit and vegetable products of protected soil with a total area of 100 hectares, located at the address: Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Chegemsky district, 2,5 km. east of the city. Chegem” for 8 300 million rubles, 592 new jobs were created;
"Creation of breeding and seed breeding center" LLC "Selection", the total investment - 569,60 million rubles, the number of jobs created - 73;
"Construction of Verkhnebalkarskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant with capacity adjustment from 29,6 MW to 10 MW", the total investment amount is 3 706,10 million rubles. As part of the project, 25 new jobs were created.
"The laying of a super-intensive garden on an area of 200 hectares in the Chegem municipal district" the total investment amounted to 440,4 million rubles, 25 new jobs were created;
"The laying of an intensive garden on an area of 73 hectares", LLC "Nalchik Gardens" the total investment - 325 million rubles, created 22 new jobs;
"Construction of a fruit processing plant with a capacity of 240 tons
per day (finished-product capacity: 70-80 tonnes of sterile apple purée for baby food and the confectionery industry) in Nalchik”; total investment: 250 million roubles; 40 new jobs created. “Creation of the UPPER BLUE LAKES tourist complex” by VERKHNIE GOLUBYE OZYORA LLC: total investment amounted to 240.0 million roubles.
"The laying of the apple orchard and the construction of a fruit storage facility in the Chegem municipal district" LLC "KABARDINE APPLES" the total investment - 580 Millions of rubles, created 20 new jobs; "Construction of modern fruit storage facilities 3,4 thousand tons and laying an intensive apple orchard on the square 33 Alfa Plus LLC Total Investment - 202,1 Millions of rubles, created 22 new jobs;
"Construction of fruit storage for 7 thousand tons with a sorting site in the city. AGROHOLOD LLC, total investment - 670,03 million rubles, created 22 new jobs;
"Construction of the fruit storage facility for 9 thousand tons per year. Nalchike, Elbrus Gardens LLC total investment - 630 million rubles, 50 new jobs created;
"Modernization of the plant for the production of plastic containers (SE SKFO)" LLC TD "Stroy-Mash" the total investment - 600 million rubles, created 29 new jobs;
"Construction of a cattle slaughter enterprise in the Baksan municipal district with a capacity of 5 thousand tons per year" MitPlant LLC total investment - 350 million rubles, 25 new jobs were created;
"Construction of trout in the city. Chegeme of Chegemsky district" LLC "Kavkaz Ryba" total investment - 170 million rubles, 25 new jobs were created;
Resumption of the glass container production plant of Chegem Glass Plant LLC total investment - 150 million rubles, 270 new jobs were created;
Expansion of production capacities of VoentikstilProm LLC
(in English) Baksane) created 240 new jobs;
In addition, for the specified period, 25 fruit storage facilities with a total capacity of over 102 thousand tons per year were put into operation. Nalchik, Baksan, Urvan and Chegem municipal districts with a total investment of 6 352 million rubles, created more than 293 new jobs.
In pursuance of the order of the President of the Russian Federation 8 July 2014 No Pr-1603 Kabardino-Balkarian Republic annually participates in the National rating of the investment climate in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which is carried out by the autonomous non-profit organization "Agency for Strategic Initiatives to Promote New Projects" in order to assess the effectiveness of activities
executive bodies to improve the investment climate in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as the introduction of best practices aimed at improving the investment climate in the regions.
According to the results of the National rating 2023 Mr. The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic improved the position of the previous year, taking 19 Place from 38. The integrated index of the investment climate of the CBD increased by 7,43 points (average increase in Russia – 6,45 a) and has made 261,77 a Point ( in 2023 the Year 254,34 Score).
At the same time, the level of investment activity in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic does not correspond to the level of its potential investment attractiveness. As part of the implementation of the Strategy, work will be carried out to increase investment potential and reduce investment risk, as well as increase the rank of the investment climate in the rating of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
1.2. Analysis of key problems of socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
The factors,
Deterrence
development
Activities
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Sphere
Industry:
Insufficient funding for measures
State support;
High interest rates on bank loans; shortage of qualified personnel. In order to advance the development of the industry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, it is necessary to consider the possibility of easing the conditions for enterprises of the industrial complex of the republic when receiving financial measures of state support within the framework of the measures of the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of industry and increase its competitiveness", approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation 15 April 2014 N 328, As a priority area.
Non-subsidized regions receive co-financing from the federal budget in the amount of 30% for the implementation of regional programs. It is necessary to revise this approach and increase support for the industry of high-granting regions (which include all republics that are part of the North Caucasus Federal District) from 5% to 50% and above, since regional budgets at their own expense allocate funds necessary for the development of non-industry expenditures.
Status
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It is necessary to resolve issues related to the provision of short-term loans at the expense of the federal budget at a preferential percentage to subjects of activity in the industry to replenish working capital, attracting industrial enterprises of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to perform the state defense
assistance in placing state orders for high-tech civilian and dual-use products within the framework of the diversification program.
The main problem for the republic remains the issue of uninterrupted water supply to the population, as well as the organization of water disposal. These problems predominate in rural areas of the republic.
In many localities of the republic, especially in the rural network, in unsatisfactory
areas, the water supply condition is worn out water disposal networks.
Existing water networks, including those in rural areas, have been built in 1940 - 1960years and are in a state of wear, which entails losses in water supply networks 20 - 40%. The current situation requires a comprehensive solution.
Currently, fresh groundwater plays a significant role in the economic and drinking water supply of the population and as a source of water supply, has a number of advantages over surface water. First of all, they have better quality, are more reliably protected from pollution and contamination, are less susceptible to seasonal and long-term fluctuations and in most cases their use does not require expensive water treatment measures. However, the use of groundwater is inextricably linked to the environment, any changes, for example, the amount of precipitation, inevitably cause changes in the regime, resources and quality of groundwater.
In connection with the change of climatic conditions and experience of recent years in drilling geological exploration and updating the database on approved groundwater reserves of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
Necessity
exists
Wells,
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Many rural areas lack a centralized water disposal system. Due to the lack of sewerage networks in settlements, treatment facilities are loaded from 20 to 60%, a significant part of the wastewater accumulates in sumps, cesspools, filtration fields, which worsens the environmental situation. In order to eliminate non-standard wastewater treatment at the facilities, it is necessary to build new and reconstruct sewerage facilities, replace outdated and failed technological and pumping equipment, replace emergency networks and collectors.
existing
In addition, problems in the utilities sector remain: a high volume of unaccounted water consumption due to the low level of equipping consumers with metering devices, the relevance of the subscriber base and unauthorized water intake for household needs (watering gardens, greenhouses, car washes, etc.);
lack of centralized water supply and sanitation
human settlements; lack of
Investment
programs
UW
Resource Providers
organizations;
negative impact on the environment. Non-subsidized regions receive co-financing from the federal budget in the amount of 30% for the implementation of regional programs. It is necessary to revise this approach and increase support for the industry of high-granting regions (which include all the republics that are part of the North Caucasus Federal District) from 5% to 50% and above, since regional budgets do not allocate funds necessary for the development of industry at their own expense.
Status
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It is necessary to resolve issues related to the provision of short-term loans at the expense of the federal budget at a preferential percentage to industrial entities to replenish working capital, attracting industrial enterprises of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to fulfill the state defense order, assisting in placing state orders for high-tech civilian and dual-use products within the framework of the diversification program.
In the agro-industrial complex, the main problems are related to
The following factors:
Yield
development. Accepted
technological and technical level lag
Due to the insufficient agricultural producers for modernization and transition to innovative implementation of state programs, the measures allowed to overcome the long-term reduction in the number of machines and equipment in agriculture, but the available agricultural machinery is not enough to carry out the entire volume of agricultural work and ensure their quality. The supply of agricultural producers with tractors is 79,1%, grain harvesters - 44,8%, ploughs - 105,4%, grain seeders - 70,9% from the requirements;
within
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situation
Financial
Unstable
enterprises: most producers do not have their own working capital, the level of income of agricultural producers does not allow them to conduct production on an expanded basis, to maintain and update timely material payments with suppliers and contractors;
social infrastructure,
Base and
Many
Products
Price Increases
Energy resources, increasing price disparity in support of the agricultural state (several times lower than developed countries in Europe and the United States), resulting in unprofitable production. Unfavorable ratio of prices for agricultural products and services make it difficult to carry out field work in a timely manner and adversely affect the overall result of production;
Small Size
Insufficient
relationship,
Land
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land use, constant redistribution and fragmentation of land and the associated destruction of the system that has developed over many years - the foundations of agriculture and agriculture, and in particular crop rotation of field productivity, reducing the efficiency of the use of land reclamation, agrochemistry and large-sized equipment;
Exclusion of agricultural land from agricultural circulation and the problem of maintaining (reproducing) soil fertility. The removal of nutrients from the soil exceeds their intake with mineral and organic fertilizers, which leads to soil depletion. The loss of soil fertility has resulted in partial soil degradation. The use of organic and mineral fertilizers has decreased. There is a shortage of mineral fertilizers in agriculture. The proportion of areas with introduced mineral fertilizers in the entire sown area in agricultural organizations of the republic is not more than 70%;
Limited access of agricultural producers to the market in the conditions of imperfection of its infrastructure, weak development of cooperation in the production and sale of agricultural products, remains low level of development of intra- and intersectoral cooperation of enterprises. During two decades of agrarian reforms, it was not possible to create a satisfactory system for selling agricultural products, to create conditions for effective trade in agricultural products, raw materials and food in the food market of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
Employment
Rural residents
The slow pace of social development of rural areas, the reduction of alternative activities, low public assessment of agricultural labor, insufficient resource provision at all levels of financing, the lack of qualified personnel in agricultural enterprises, the strengthening of the outflow of qualified personnel from the agricultural sector, the aging of workers.
Weak
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There are a number of problems with water supply and sanitation. The problem for the Republic remains
The issue of uninterrupted supply of water to the population, as well as the organization of water disposal. These problems predominate in rural areas of the republic.
In many localities of the republic, especially in the rural network, in unsatisfactory
areas, the water supply condition is worn out water disposal networks.
Existing water networks, including those in rural areas, have been built in 1940 - 1960years and are in a state of wear, which entails losses in water supply networks 20 - 40%. The current situation requires a comprehensive solution. Rural communities lack their own revenues to replace water networks at the expense of local budgets. Because
At present, the republic has not yet reached a self-sufficient level of development, and federal state bodies need assistance to resolve this issue.
To solve these problems, it is necessary to implement a set of measures, including the completion of the construction of the Zolya Group Water Supply (Stage II), the construction of sewage treatment plants.
Zolsky
Group water supply is designed to provide high-quality drinking water to 15 rural settlements and the district center of the Zola municipal district.
The population of these settlements is more than 52 Thousands of people. In the area are located 77 social facilities (27 Schools, 13 Polyclinics, 21 Pre-school, 6 Music Schools, 10 Clubs).
The existing water supply networks were built in 1960 - 1970 years of the last century with a water consumption rate of 50 liters / day per person. Currently, water consumption has increased by 5 times and increased to 250 l / day per person due to gasification of these settlements and the use of gas columns.
Given the scale of the project, design and construction
Zola group water supply is divided into two stages.
The construction of the water pipeline was started within the framework of the federal target program "South of Russia" (2008 - 2013 years) in 2009 year. The estimated cost of construction of the first stage of the Zola group water pipeline is 821210,0 thousand rubles. The facility was put into operation in December 2016 St Petersburg.
The second stage provides for the supply of drinking water from
p.p. Habaz to specific consumers of the remaining 13 rural settlements.
Design and estimate documentation has been developed, the estimated cost of the object in prices of the IV quarter 2016 is 1530948,42 thousand rubles, the capacity of the object is 18692,97 cubic meters per day. Due to the lack of funding, the group water supply has not been started.
Phase II of Zolsky
Construction
The construction of the second stage of the Zola group water supply will be the final stage of organizing the supply of high-quality drinking water to the settlements of the district and will ensure the effective use of funds previously spent on group water supply.
Zolsky I Stage
Construction
"Sewage treatment
In Mr. More than 25 thousand people live in May. Due to the high wear of treatment facilities, it was decided to design the facility with a capacity of 2500 cubic meters per day. The estimated cost of the object is 239426,24 thousand rubles in the prices of the second quarter 2016 c.
Construction of a left-bank sewer in the city. Cold (according to
Mr. Maysky
Constructions
required
question
Except
So,
design and estimate documentation the estimated cost of completion of construction is more than 10 million rubles), treatment facilities and other settlements of the republic, including in the city. Nalchik (estimated cost - more than 37 million rubles), in p. Adiyukh (2-th stage, estimated cost of about 45 million rubles), in p. Kenje (Vol. The Keshev brothers, the estimated cost is more than 10 million rubles). The construction of these facilities will solve the problem of water disposal and improve the ecology of the region.
Features of the nature of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic the complexity of the geological structure and terrain cause an active manifestation of processes such as landslides, mudslides, avalanches, landslides and landslides.
The development of tourism is closely connected with the safe stay of tourists in the resort area of the republic. To reduce social tension and improve the image component of the tourist complex of the republic, it is necessary to direct efforts to eliminate landslide zones and comprehensive development of territories for resettlement of the population from dangerous areas for living. All this requires a systematic approach in terms of ensuring the safe life of the population of the republic and the safe stay of tourists on the territory of the republic.
One of the most acute
is to increase the protection of the population in living conditions in areas subject to landslide processes.
Questions
The total area of the republic subject to landslide processes is 4431 sq. km, registered landslide hazardous areas - 140. To update information on the number of people living in the landslide zone, the situation is periodically monitored, surveys of settlements of the republic are carried out.
Po
Kabardino - Balkarian
Specialists of Kabbalkgeomonitoring LLC conducted control engineering-geological surveys on the definition of landslide sites and prepared appropriate schemes of engineering-geological conditions for the development and distribution of landslide processes.
According to the results of the measures, it was established that the most vulnerable to the threat of landslide danger in the territory of the republic are 24 the City of Sorrow 6 Municipalities. On 13 April 2018 the Landslide Danger Zones 743 number of residents, number of residents - 3621 person.
According to preliminary calculations, the total area of housing for resettlement of citizens living in landslide danger zones in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is 63,441 thousand square meters.
For the resettlement of citizens living in avalanche-dangerous and landslide zones in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, according to preliminary calculations, more will be required 2,5 billion roubles.
Implementation
these events
Difficult because of
Onerous for the republican budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic financial costs and the absence of the state program of the Russian Federation, providing for the implementation of measures to resettle the population from landslide zones in the republic.
The main problems of the transport complex continue
stay:
Insufficient rate of rolling stock renewal; in urban areas with a relatively developed route network
Lack of or underdeveloped systems
and coordination of passenger traffic. State of the public
transport in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic requires a transition to a qualitatively new level of development that meets the requirements of the innovative economy, improving the quality, accessibility and safety of providing transport services to the population, the transfer of vehicles mainly
for gas engine fuel. To the most urgent problems of the road economy Kabardino
Balkar Republic includes:
under-repair of the road network; poor technical condition; non-conformity of the basis and coverage of roads with increased transport
Loads.
What
wear and tear
Under-repair of regional roads does not provide annual compensation for increases in the restoration of the road network. On 65% Roads of regional importance are not maintained interrepair periods, and some of them exceed the regulatory period 3 once. In order to eliminate the under-repair and further ensure the regulatory maintenance of regional roads, it is necessary to repair at least annually 200 km of roads and 19 Bridges.
subsequent
expenditure
The main problems of the fuel and energy complex (further -
FEC):
high degree of wear of the main energy resources, which results in low efficiency, increasing accident rate and high risks, which negatively affects the competitiveness of the economy, negatively affects the quality of life of the population and entails man-made threats;
loss of a significant part of scientific and technological potential in some
Fuel and energy industries;
insufficient degree of development of innovation sphere in the fuel and energy sector; preparation of reduction
personnel, insufficient level of interaction of fuel and energy companies with higher educational institutions;
Science and Technology
Quality
small property;
Efficiency of intellectual property management
Imperfection of innovation systems of companies; long technological lag in creation and development
modern combined-cycle and electric grid technologies.
In the social sphere, the most acute are the following:
problems.
Low standard of living of the population of the republic. Consumer price increases reduce real wages. The average per capita income of the population, the average monthly wage, the average size of pensions and social benefits are reduced relative to the subsistence minimum. The average per capita income in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the year 2018 was 66% from the national average, and the average monthly wage was 57%.
creates
The investigation
Economic and
social problems in the region. Negative
the migration unattractiveness of the migration balance 2018 The year was 3,4 Thousands of people. The largest group of retired (about 70%) Migrants in active working age 20 to 49 years, mainly qualified specialists. The trend of aging and migration outflow of the able-bodied population of the republic on the able-bodied population and budget. On 1000 The working-age population is 729 A person of incapacitated age. Number of pensioners 19,7% Population. Based on demographic processes, it should be expected that in the foreseeable future the population of the republic will continue to age. It is projected that c 2030 the Year of Older People 60 The years will be 25%, the East Coast 2050 The year - about 30% of the total number of residents of the republic, which will require an increase in spending on medical and social services of the population.
Demographic
significant
Load
Kabardino-Balkarian
Republic of the labour-surplus regions. In the economy and social sphere, 362 thousand people are employed. The working-age population, for various reasons not employed in the economy, exceeds 130 thousand people.
Remark
C
The total number of unemployed, calculated according to the methodology of the International Labor Organization, for the year 2018 amounted to 47,0 thousand people, or 10,4% from the labor force of the republic.
Employment of young people, their employment is an acute problem
After graduation from schools and vocational schools.
The lack of jobs and the high share of the agricultural sector of the economy caused low wages and incomes of the population.
In terms of wages, the republic has consistently occupied one of the last places among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for many years.
Logistic
part of general education organizations is in poor condition, which does not allow to provide quality education at the modern level in accordance with the requirements of the new state
significant
Base
Standards. 77 schools, or nearly 30% The total number of built more 50 years ago and in need of reconstruction or major repairs, 8 schools do not have all types of improvement, buildings of a number of organizations are in an emergency condition.
It is necessary to withdraw the buildings of schools with such a level of wear and tear, from the
Transfer and transfer of students to new buildings.
Education in 34 schools (9,7 thousand students) is carried out in two
shifts.
To improve the availability and quality of general education, it should be possible to organize all types of educational activities in one shift, as well as the safety and comfort of learning conditions.
Total projected need up to 2025 for the introduction of new school
The number of seats is 12 thousand, including:
to provide one-shift training - 8,5 thousand places; to transfer students from buildings with a high degree
wear - 3,5 thousand seats.
In connection with the increase in the birth rate associated with measures of state support for families with children, the number of children of preschool age has increased significantly in the republic. They currently live in the Republic 81,8 Thousands of children from 0 to 7 years, of which 50,4 Thousands of children aged from 3 to 7 years.
However, the existing network of kindergartens, designed for 44 thousand seats, does not fully meet the growing demand for preschool education services.
In order to reduce the deficit of places in educational organizations of the republic and the organization of the educational process at the modern level, the construction and reconstruction of existing school buildings, the development of their material and technical base in accordance with the requirements of state educational standards are necessary.
Quantitative values of provision of health facilities in Kabardino-Balkarian Republic as a whole correspond to normative values and the average Russian level. At the same time, a significant part of the treatment and preventive decrepit, institutions of adapted premises that do not meet sanitary requirements and are not able to introduce high-tech methods of diagnosis and treatment.
posted
the University of London
V
Objectives
delivery
Specialty
High-tech medical care requires a serious improvement of the material and technical base of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital, the Republican Clinical Hospital, the AIDS Control Center and infectious diseases dispensary, the Republican Dental Center, and a number of central district hospitals.
Psychoneurological
diseases,
Despite significant progress in reducing the incidence of socially significant diseases, there are still
high mortality rate from diseases of the circulatory system (396,1 per 100 thousand population) and neoplasms (120,4 cases per 100 thousand population). There is also a high incidence and mortality rate from tuberculosis.
Culture
Security of the population by institutions
Overall satisfactory. However, a significant part of cultural objects is located in buildings that require reconstruction or major repairs. Everywhere there is a large wear of equipment, musical instruments, stage costumes, a lack of lighting, sound and amplification equipment, a significant number of historical and cultural monuments with a high degree of destruction, damage and destruction, a shortage of qualified personnel, primarily for restoration work on cultural heritage sites.
Given the large concentration of archaeological monuments in the republic, it is necessary to strengthen control over compliance with the legislation in the field of protection of cultural heritage in the conduct of land management, earth, construction, road, land reclamation, economic and other works, as well as the development of urban and project documentation, town planning regulations, in which the content and should provide for measures, the use of cultural heritage objects.
providing
There are a number of problems related to the environmental situation, among them: the state of atmospheric air. One of the main characteristics that determine the environmental safety and attractiveness of any region is the state of atmospheric air. Road transport is the main air pollutant, accounting for about 80% emissions. Also, about 4 thousand tons of harmful (polluting) substances are emitted annually into the atmospheric air from stationary sources, a significant proportion belongs to landfills;
negative effects of water. The most striking and objective indicator of the quality of the natural environment in the republic is the state of water sources. Analysis of information based on long-term observations indicates a decrease in water quality in the rivers of the republic due to human economic activity. Floods and floods in the republic are sources of pollution of water management facilities located in water protection zones and in areas of projected flooding, and have a negative impact on the quality of water resources;
poor condition of sewage treatment plants and sewerage networks, their insufficient development. Many rural areas lack a centralized water disposal system. Due to the lack of sewerage networks in settlements, treatment facilities are loaded from 20 to 60%, a significant part of the wastewater accumulates in sumps, cesspools, filtration fields, which
It worsens the environmental situation. To eliminate non-standard wastewater treatment at facilities, it is necessary to build new and reconstruct existing sewerage facilities, replace outdated and failed technological and pumping equipment, replace emergency networks and collectors;
soil degradation and destruction due to water erosion, salinization, waterlogging, irrational land use. The area of such lands increases due to the extraction of minerals by the quarry method. In and floodplain rivers pebbles, sand, gravel, sand granite mixture provoke a change in the river bed, erosion of their banks, increases the likelihood of floods;
Unordered
result
Mining
of
organization of an effective system of waste management of production and consumption in the territory of the republic. Despite the work carried out in this direction, the problem of accumulation of production and consumption waste remains one of the main threats to environmental safety. The volume of waste generation is steadily increasing, followed by its disposal at landfills. With growing volumes of waste, the problem of their management is one of the most socially significant for all municipal districts and urban districts. Almost all municipal districts of the republic have unauthorized landfills. There are also a number of threats related to global change
Climate.
Geographically
The direction of air masses determines the diversity of climatic conditions in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
terrain,
The situation,
The impact on the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic of a wide range of dangerous natural processes and phenomena provokes various kinds of emergencies.
Given the global climate change around the world, the territory of the republic also appear uncharacteristic climate risks, and characteristic are changing. A possible increase in temperature in mountainous areas will lead to the ablation of glaciers, which can provoke an increase in the area of flooding and flooding. The increase in the intensity and frequency of abnormal weather events can lead to an increase in such phenomena as hurricanes, floods, drought. The intensity of the rainfall is important. As a rule, it is heavy rains that provoke the descent of mudflows and landslides.
Thus, in the territory of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic it is predicted
The following climate risks:
flooding of settlements and economic facilities as a result of
rain, snow, heavy rains;
emergency situations of the municipal level due to high activity of glacial collapse and breakthrough mudflow processes. Sources of Emergency
Initiated
Exogenous
processes,
situations and incidents: flow-forming rains, collapses of glaciers, breakthroughs of glacial tanks and lakes, anthropogenic activities;
occurrence of emergency situations related to the difficulty of traffic on roads in the spring-summer period due to landslides, landslides, sweeping the roadway;
occurrence of dangerous meteorological phenomena that can cause damage to the population and industries (breakage of power lines, damage to buildings and structures, difficulties in the work of transport and road services, flooding as a result of littering of storm and drainage windmills, damage to crops, etc.) due to strong wind (squalls, hurricanes), heavy rains, heavy snow, snowfall on wires, large hail.
Economics
effluents,
Despite the positive trends, the following problems hindering the development of small and medium-sized businesses remain relevant in the republic:
Insufficient start-up capital and own working capital
funds from small and medium-sized businesses;
Difficulties in obtaining loans from credit institutions and high
credit rates;
Administrative
development of entrepreneurial activity and forcing small and medium-sized businesses to go into the shadow economy.
Obstacles
barriers,
creates
The economic and political situation in some countries is difficult. At the same time, the Republic seeks to maintain its presence in the countries that are its traditional partners;
Sanctions policy and
enough
low popularity and activity of enterprises of the republic in the direction of foreign economic activity. There are few exporting companies in the country. About 140 participants are engaged in foreign economic activity, of which only 41 are engaged in export operations.
Enterprises of the republic restrain from making a decision on entering foreign markets gaps in marketing policy. This is the lack of information about foreign markets, the lack of international certificates, and the lack of qualifications of employees;
shortcomings of customs accounting of exported products. Some enterprises of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic make transactions for the export of products, bypassing the Mineralovodskaya customs of the North Caucasus customs department, others sell their products to exporting enterprises of neighboring subjects of the Russian Federation. As a result, the volume of products exported by manufacturers and companies of the republic from its territory is not taken into account by the customs statistics bodies as exports of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
1.3. Comprehensive assessment of external and internal conditions of development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
In order to identify the list of the main problems impeding the socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, an analysis of the weaknesses and strengths, as well as external opportunities and threats (SWOT-analysis) of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic was carried out.
Strengths
Weaknesses
high percentage of the population with the highest
concerning
low
education;
unique recreational potential;
Naturally-
good environmental condition; availability of minerals; large
significant
Hydropower
Stockpiles
potential of the rivers of the republic; favorable
soil-
climatic conditions; developed
transport infrastructure, developed road, rail and air high density roads;
Communications,
availability
availability of gas pipelines, gasification of the republic;
High population
Level of points
developed multi-service network;
Telecommunications
availability of a state system consisting of various support, financial property mechanisms aimed at both beginners and existing business entities;
and
developed
Support infrastructure for small and medium-sized businesses; availability
Free
Labor
productivity in the economy;
lack of own sources of investment resources of enterprises and organizations of the republic;
unsatisfactory
material and technical majority of enterprises;
Status of base
insufficiency
start-up capital and own working capital from medium small business entities;
and
Difficulties in obtaining loans from high
Organizations
and
credit interest rates;
Administrative
Barriers to development
hindering business activities;
Low income; high differentiation
Population by income level;
low
Housing security, c
Number of need
Great improvement of housing conditions;
Imbalance
Demand
and
labour supply; increasing
Deficit
Skilled workers
resources
Features
Threats
Sustainable economic growth in
complex
Foreign Economic Affairs
the Russian Federation; increasing the population of the republic;
conditions;
Welfare
Increasing market competitiveness; increasing market competitiveness
visa facilitation; tourism development; development
law enforcement practice, reducing administrative pressure on business;
Increase in the share of social and modern
Services
community levels;
capital;
Multi-year
hotbeds of interethnic and interfaith conflicts;
Neighborhood
Advanced Development of Tourism
other regions of the Russian Federation;
outflow of qualified personnel from
Republics;
development of science and scientific and technological progress
technology,
Increase in the share of imports in markets
Republic and curtailment of production;
1.4. Assessment of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
The analysis of competitiveness and investment attractiveness of Kabardino-Balkaria shows that the republic has a number of competitive advantages, on the basis of which a modern, highly efficient economy can be formed. These include:
high level of gasification of settlements of the republic
natural gas (92,9%), extensive road network of good quality;
favorable climatic conditions, including for
production of environmentally friendly food and ecotourism;
availability
deep processing of which are in demand in the republican and Russian markets;
mineral resources, products
the presence of powerful recreational potential; a significant number of objects attractive for development (recreational, sports,
various types of domestic tourism cognitive, gastronomic, medical);
availability of raw materials for the development of livestock; large hydropower potential of the rivers of the republic; economy potentially
security
High
Labor
resources at the expense of the younger generation;
A wide range of legislative measures of the state
Support for investment activities.
Realization of these competitive advantages is possible only under the condition of carefully thought out, active and purposeful actions of the state authorities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
The investment policy is aimed at the implementation of the strategic goals defined by the Investment Strategy of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic until 2040:
creation
the Kabardino - Balkarian Republic
investment and business climate;
Increase in the amount of
various sources of investment in the economy of the republic to ensure a dynamic
economic growth and improving the living standards of the population.
To achieve the objectives of the Investment Strategy
It is necessary to solve the following tasks: administrative
elimination
infrastructure restrictions for the development of business and investment activities;
Barriers
and
Improving the effectiveness of the state support system
investment and business activities;
effective use of the investment potential of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in accordance with established territorial and sectoral priorities;
creation of conditions for increasing innovation activity
business entities;
human development and improvement of the system of needs
orientated
preparation of high-tech and innovative industries;
specialists,
the City
formation and promotion of the image (brand) of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic as an open region favorable for investment activities.
Further improvement of the investment climate is possible through the expansion of financial incentives (tax and customs benefits, access to concessional financing, land lease benefits, guarantees, etc.), the development of the necessary basic infrastructure and the creation of effective processes for attracting potential investors and interacting with them. The republican legislation provides for the provision of state support in the form of state guarantees, tax incentives, the provision of land plots without tendering for the implementation of large investment projects, etc.
At the same time, it is necessary to implement measures aimed at attracting domestic and foreign investments. Such events include:
formation of a portfolio of investment proposals; placement of investment proposals
In the information-
telecommunications network "Internet" (hereinafter - the Internet);
analysis of investment activities of domestic and foreign companies operating on the Russian market in order to identify potential domestic and foreign investors;
participation in Russian and international exhibitions, etc. Within the framework of the Strategy
Possibly Development
following
Species
Foreign Investment: Attracting
Funds
Foreign
investment funds,
making both direct and portfolio investments;
obtaining foreign equipment on the basis of leasing; attracting foreign capital in an entrepreneurial form by creating joint ventures with a different share of foreign
participation, including by selling shares to foreign investors;
International
cooperation in technology transfer, creation of joint ownership;
production,
Accompanied
Creation of enterprises wholly owned by foreign companies
investors;
cooperation with foreign companies in the development of production
on the basis of a contract (contract) without the creation of a legal entity;
Attracting foreign capital through concession
agreements.
In order to create conditions for reorienting bank capital to invest in the real sector of the economy, strengthening the investment orientation in the activities of commercial banks and reducing the risk of long-term investment, it is necessary:
Simplify the procedure for the implementation of mortgages on loans; create reliable schemes for syndication of bank capital (banking and leasing pools, consortia) to finance capital-intensive investment projects of high social significance.
The priorities of the investment policy are aimed at developing the potential of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in order to ensure faster economic growth and optimize its structure.
For the purpose of investment projects priority
The branches of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic are:
agro-industrial complex; tourism and recreation; construction complex: production of building materials and
housing development;
hydropower; metallurgical complex; social sphere and housing and communal services.
Section II. GOALS, TASKS AND BASIC DIRECTIONS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE CABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC
2.1. Goals and objectives of socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
The strategic goal of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is to improve the well-being of the population on the basis of dynamic and sustainable economic growth. In this regard, it is relevant to create the necessary conditions for accelerated socio-economic development and improving the quality of life of the population of the republic.
To achieve this goal, the following decisions are required:
interrelated sets of tasks:
material well-being and quality improvement
life of the population;
dynamic, sustainable and balanced development of the economy; creation of favorable conditions for life; protection of the population and territory from natural man-made emergencies, fire safety and
and safety of people in water bodies.
2.2. Main directions of social sphere development
2.2.1. Improving the standard and quality of life of the population
One of the priorities of the socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is to improve the level and quality of life of people.
The main objectives of the state authorities in the implementation of the Strategy are to promote employment of the population with high pay and to ensure the basic needs of the inhabitants of the republic in housing, education, medical care, in the field of culture and sports.
In order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to resolve the following
Tasks:
ensuring economic growth; combating unemployment, creating economically efficient jobs that allow to ensure a decent level of wages, developing small and stimulating self-employment;
the population allowing to earn enough to ensure an acceptable standard of living for the family, taking into account the dependency load (increase in the minimum wage, reform of wages of employees of budgetary organizations, etc.);
medium-sized businesses,
Working Group
conditions,
creation of an effective system of targeted social support (the elderly, the disabled, the unemployed,
vulnerable large families, socially disadvantaged families, etc.);
Population groups
Increasing the budget provision of social support measures
Population;
creating a barrier-free living environment for persons with disabilities and
other low-mobility categories of the population in the social sphere. The result of work in this direction will be: a decrease in the share of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum.
14,2% in 2023 to 2,3% in 2040.
2.2.2. Demographic and migration policy
The objectives of the Strategy in the field of demographic policy for the period up to 2040 are a steady increase in the population of the republic, an increase in the life expectancy of the population, and the creation of conditions for reducing migration outflow from the republic.
To achieve the goals it is necessary to implement
the following tasks:
increase in the birth rate (including through birth)
The second child and subsequent children;
preservation and promotion of public health, increasing the role of
prevention of diseases and the formation of a healthy lifestyle;
Decreasing infant
mortality,
Population Mortality
working age;
creation of conditions for career development for residents of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and potential highly qualified migrants from other subjects of the Russian Federation.
These tasks will be addressed as a matter of priority.
The following measures have been implemented:
improvement of the system of early detection of diseases, previously oncological
Blood circulation and
Diseases
System
all diseases;
Formation of the population motivation to maintain a healthy image
life;
Improving the quality of health care for the population through
introduction of high-tech medical care;
improving the safety of the population; development of measures to support young professionals, including those employed in
the budget sector;
social support for the return and prevention of the outflow of Russian
Population.
As a result of solving these tasks, it is expected: an increase in the population of the republic by 3,5% (from 905,5 thousand tons).
2023 to 937,5 thousand people in 2040);
increase in the life expectancy of the population from 77,14 to
2023 to 81,8 years in 2040.
2.2.3. Labour market development, employment provision
The objectives of implementing social and economic policy in this direction are to provide the labor market of the republic with personnel in accordance with the current and future needs of the economy of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, to maintain social stability in society, to create conditions conducive to the effective development of the labor market.
The main objectives for achieving these goals are:
formation of an optimal investment policy aimed at improving the socio-economic situation in the republic and creating new industries in promising and priority types of economic activity that allow to provide work to residents of the republic;
creation of conditions for effective employment of the population, ensuring the balance of supply and demand in the labor market of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in accordance with the current and future needs of the economy;
increasing the use of flexible forms of employment; increasing territorial and professional mobility
working population;
improving the quality of services in the field of employment promotion, including services for vocational guidance of citizens in order to choose the field of activity (profession), employment, vocational training and additional vocational education;
implementation of activities that promote employment of citizens,
Difficulty finding work;
Incentive
existing and creating new jobs, especially for citizens experiencing difficulties in finding work.
employers,
Retaining
The results of the implementation of measures in this direction will be: an increase in the number of people employed in the economy from 386,0 thousand people in
2023 to 464,3 thousand people in 2040;
decrease in the general unemployment rate from 9,1% in 2023 to 2,5% in 2040
year.
2.2.4. Education development
The objectives of the implementation of socio-economic policy in the field of education are to improve the quality and accessibility of preschool and general education, improve the system of training in the professions and specialties most in demand in the economy of the republic. The main objectives for achieving these goals are:
inclusion in a single educational space; development of the system of continuous education; improvement of the efficiency and quality of education management; stimulation of innovative activities in education, including the introduction of digital technologies, modern methods and forms of education, development of research and project potential of educational organizations;
support and development of pedagogical personnel, increase their
professional level, motivation and social status;
security
Accessibility
general, vocational and additional education for all categories of the population, including children with special educational needs, orphans, children from low-income families, children from remote and inaccessible territories;
pre-school,
Quality
and
Formation
students, the development of their creative and critical thinking, value orientations and life competencies.
Identity
Civil
Patriotism
and
To achieve the goals, the following are required:
Events:
major repairs of kindergartens, including equipment for training and
preschool educational organizations of education;
"targeted" construction of kindergartens; overhaul of educational organizations; «targeted» construction of schools; creation of a unified management of education in the territory of Kabardino-Slovakia
Balkar Republic;
organization of functioning of at least 1 support (rural) school in each municipality, corresponding to transport accessibility, including the possibility of obtaining additional education; increase in the prestige of pedagogical professions; timely identification and correction of features (deviations) in
development of children;
development of infrastructure of tourism and local lore
additional education of children in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
development of a system for physical culture and sports, assembly halls, libraries, classrooms for the organization of educational work and additional education of children, the creation of school volunteer centers, art workshops, creative and material-technical for the implementation of educational programs of basic general and secondary general education in the subjects "Basics of safety and protection of the homeland", "Labour (Technology)";
equipment
Cabinets
development of a system of comprehensive support for gifted children and
talented youth;
training of middle-level specialists for the sectors of education, health, culture, services, tourism and creative industries within the framework of the federal project "Professionality";
Expected results: 203 kindergartens were overhauled; 5255 additional places were created in 37 kindergartens; kindergartens are equipped with medical offices; 100% access to preschool education for children from 2 has been achieved
months. up to 8 years from the place of residence;
155 buildings of general education organizations were repaired; 11390 places were created in 33 schools. New schools have created conditions for the development of additional education of the scientific profile, equipped with material and technical base of medical offices;
a unified education management system was created, 100% schools
transferred to the regional level of management;
There is a network of support in all municipalities
schools;
The system of remuneration of teachers has been improved; the need for teachers of preschool and general education has been closed; the qualification of teachers and managerial staff has been increased
personnel;
Coverage of children aged 5 to 18 years with additional education
increased to 82%;
A qualitatively new level of education has been achieved
human, society and state.
2.2.5. Health development
In order to ensure the availability and quality of medical care that meets the needs of the population, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
prioritizing prevention in health care and
development of primary health care;
improving the effectiveness of specialized, including high-tech, medical care, ambulance, including emergency specialized, medical care, medical evacuation;
development and
introduction of innovative diagnostic methods,
prevention and treatment, as well as the basics of personalized medicine;
improving the efficiency of the maternity and childhood services; development of medical rehabilitation of the population and improvement
sanatorium-resort treatment systems, including children;
Palliative Care for Incurables
patients, including children;
providing a highly qualified health care system and
Motivated staff;
providing affordable and quality medical care
population, including children;
Ensuring the systematic organization of health care. The following tasks will be implemented to achieve the objectives set out below:
Measures:
development of the system of medical prevention of non-infectious diseases
diseases and the formation of a healthy lifestyle;
development of primary health care, as well as early detection of diseases, pathological conditions and risk factors
their development, including medical examinations and medical examinations of the population;
education and awareness-raising, including for children and young people, about healthy lifestyles, the consequences of tobacco use and alcohol abuse, including the development, implementation and development of information communications;
security
Healthy and Safe Food for the Population
All age groups involved in the optimization of the diet and the nature of nutrition, as well as education and training of various population groups on healthy nutrition, including with the participation of organizations involved in these issues;
promotion and stimulation of active lifestyle, education
population in matters of physical culture;
development of physical therapy and physical culture directed
to maintain health;
medical examination of the population with the allocation of risk groups for development
socially individual programs of medical prevention;
non-infectious
Diseases
significant
and
promotion
qualifications and retraining of medical and
pharmaceutical workers;
state support for certain categories of medical workers (providing social support measures to certain categories of specialists, primarily the most scarce);
creation of a competitive environment of public and private ownership, development of public-private partnership in the healthcare sector.
Expected results: reduced mortality from all causes with 7,5 on 1000 Population up to 6,0 in
2040 (for 1000 population);
reduction of mortality from circulatory system diseases from 349,9 to
250 in 2040 (for 100 thousand population);
reduction of mortality rate from neoplasms, including malignant ones, from 119,4 cases to 100 cases in 2040 (100 thousand population);
Reduction of infant mortality rate from 3,6 to 3,4 in 2040 (as of 1)
A thousand born alive.
2.2.6. Development of physical culture and sports
In the framework of the development of physical culture and sports in Kabardino,
The priorities of the Balkar Republic are:
increasing the accessibility of sports and sports organizations for all residents of the republic, the development of the infrastructure of physical culture and sports, including children's and youth sports schools;
development of sport of highest achievements;
providing opportunities for physical culture and
Sports for persons with disabilities and persons with disabilities;
System
organizations providing sports-qualified health and sports work with various categories and groups of the population.
Physical Culture and Sports
Executors
The trainers,
In order to involve and increase interest in systematic physical education and sports, maintain a healthy lifestyle of all age categories of the population and achieve indicative indicators, it is necessary to provide solutions in a number of areas:
Together with local self-government bodies, it is necessary to work on the integrated development of sports infrastructure and updating the material and technical base, which will allow the population to lead facilities, a healthy lifestyle located within walking distance;
Modern
Sports
the City
It is necessary to increase the number and systematize the organization and physical fitness and events, including the holding of sports competitions among various groups of the population, as well as competitions among school clubs;
Mass Sports
to create a unified system of adaptive sports in the republic to attract people with disabilities to regular physical education and sports at the place of residence, to intensify work on physical fitness and sports mass work among people with disabilities;
It is planned to consider the issues of increasing the number of teachers of sports institutions and their level of average wages, bringing in 2030 to the level of average wages according to the forecast of socio-economic development of the republic.
Integrated work on the development of physical culture and sports
By the year 2040:
to increase the proportion of citizens involved in systematic physical education and sports in 2030 to at least 70,0%, and in 2040 to 80%;
improve conditions for physical culture and sports at the place of residence for all categories of citizens by building and commissioning new sports facilities;
increase the availability of sports facilities, including for persons with
disabled health and disabled people;
increase
quantity
children,
the University
the University of London
Sports
institutions;
to establish the Republic as a centre for the conduct of significant and
interregionally,
All - Russian
Events
Sports at international level.
2.2.7. Cultural development
The strategic goal of the industry is to preserve the cultural heritage of the republic, the development and implementation of the cultural and spiritual potential of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic as the basis for sustainable and dynamic development of the region.
The basic directions of the Culture Strategy are: strengthening and development of the material and technical base of cultural institutions, including reconstruction and overhaul of cultural institutions, improvement of their equipment;
development of public interest in the historical and cultural heritage
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
stimulation and support of folk art (folk art centers, houses of crafts, centers of traditional folk culture, etc.);
development of professional and amateur art of all kinds and
genres;
organization and conduct of interregional and international
exchange tours of state cultural institutions;
participation in competitions, conferences, festivals, focused on both the realization of the creative potential of the population and the integration of Kabardino-Balkarian Russian at the cultural interregional, all-Russian and international levels;
Cultural infrastructure
for development
space,
Republic
Exchange
development of public-private partnership in the field of culture, involvement of business entities in the implementation of cultural policy in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
State support for non-profit organizations in the field of
culture and art;
preservation and state protection of cultural heritage objects,
located on the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
introduction of new information technologies in various fields
Culture;
creation of modern multifunctional cultural and leisure centers of a new type (including a concert hall, a library, rooms for clubs and sections, an area of free access to the Internet, a cafe, rooms for meetings and training sessions, offices, a career guidance center, provision of information, legal and financial services, etc.).
Consulting
Centers
Expected results: increased number of visits to cultural organizations by 35%
compared with 2023;
increase in the share of cultural heritage objects in satisfactory condition in the total number of cultural heritage objects of federal, regional and local significance in the year 2040
60%.
2.2.8. Working with youth
Given the value of harmoniously developed youth for society, it is necessary to concentrate efforts on a number of areas of work with youth:
patriotic
Promotion of moral formation of conditions for the spiritual, moral, patriotic and physical development of young people;
Education.
and
Involvement in socio-economic construction. Creating conditions for realizing the potential of young people in the socio-economic sphere;
Encouragement of volunteer projects. Development of Volunteer
(volunteer) and student movements, the institute of mentoring;
Support for young people in difficult situations. Assistance to young citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation, persons from among orphans and children left without parental care, as well as persons with disabilities; infrastructure. youth
Expansion of infrastructure opportunities for youth development, improvement of the level of improvement and comfort of young people in the municipalities of the region;
creation
promotion of creative abilities of young people. Creating conditions for identifying and promoting talented youth and their innovative activities.
2.2.9. Development of charitable and voluntary
(Volunteer) Activities
In order to expand opportunities for self-realization of citizens, increase the role of volunteering (volunteerism) in social development, (volunteer) formation of innovative practices of social activities, it is necessary to strengthen work in the following areas:
Volunteering
Distribution
and
creation of conditions for the demand for the participation of volunteer organizations and volunteers (volunteers) in solving social problems, as well as increasing the recognition of volunteering in society;
supporting existing activities and creating conditions for
the emergence of new volunteer organizations;
development of consulting, and volunteer (voluntary) activities;
Educational
Infrastructure
methodically,
Resurs
information, support
Increasing cross-sectoral collaboration in the field of
Volunteering, including the interaction of volunteer organizations with other organizations of the non-profit sector, business, public authorities and local self-government bodies, state and municipal institutions, the media, international, religious and other interested organizations;
security
volunteering activities of all age groups of the population - children, youth, adults and older people.
Opportunities
Participation
For
the University of London
2.2.10. Development of non-commercial support infrastructure
Organizations
To promote the development of the non-profit sector of the economy, including the provision of conditions for the creation and development of socially oriented non-profit organizations, the dissemination of new technologies and best practices in the social sphere, it is necessary to develop infrastructure to support non-profit organizations in a number of areas:
Creating catalogues of best practices. Maintenance and updating of databases
non-profit organizations, volunteers, technologies, services;
Involvement of active citizens in activities
development of the social sphere;
implementation of effective practices of public-private partnership
in the social sphere;
formation of partnerships, networks, coalitions of NGOs; assistance in the creation of new resource centers, as well as funds
Local communities; assistance
the University of London
Formation
Funds
Targeted
Capital
non-profit organizations;
development, distribution and implementation of mechanisms of private and corporate charitable donations. Motivation of business to solve social issues;
organization and support of grants for NGOs, as well as competitions from extrabudgetary sources, including the administration of competitive procedures, monitoring and evaluation of implemented projects that have received support;
methodological support for the development and implementation of municipal programs for supporting NGOs, including conducting examinations, developing standards and procedures;
conducting research, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of programs
Support for NGOs;
improving the effectiveness of the relevant advisory and advisory bodies of local self-government, as well as councils in social institutions.
2.2.11. Development of the market of services in the social sphere on a competitive basis
The main directions of development of the market of services in the social sphere
On a competitive basis should be:
Diversification
services. It involves the provision of a variety of social services and services, the formation of its own market segment in the interests of the client and obtaining economic benefits;
Social Services and
public-private partnership. It should be based on projects to develop new social technologies and approaches in the field of social services, as well as expanding the range of services with grants;
support to non-governmental organizations; ensuring equal competitive access to budgetary funds; creation of a system of independent assessment of the quality of social work
institutions.
2.3. The main directions of economic development of Kabardino-Balkarian Republic
2.3.1. Industry development
Total
strategy
Industrial
The republic is focused on the transition to high-tech, innovative, high-tech production of competitive products, expanding export potential. The following priority areas should be developed:
Smooth
production,
Policy
the University of London
innovative model of industry development; quality, efficiency and safety of final products; production of high-tech products; development of export-ready industries and new developments; full shipped increase in production of which is located in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
products,
Volumes
Cycle
creation
economic conditions,
stimulating the accelerated renewal of the main production assets of the industrial complex of the Republic of the products;
Competitiveness
Increase
For
concentration of resources for solving priority problems; balanced development of various types of production; ensuring a balance of interests of the state, business and public
institutions interested in the sustainable operation of the complex;
Maximizing the use of available competitive advantages
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in the field of industry.
The strategic goal is to create conditions for the development of the industrial complex of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic on the basis of innovative renewal of industries, ensuring an increase in their economic security, resource saving and increasing the competitiveness of products in the required nomenclature, quality and volume of supplies.
efficiency,
Environmental
serves
Strategy
development of conceptual industry, stimulation of pilot projects and the most important investment technical re-equipment in the field of science-intensive production, demanded by the market of new generation products.
Modernization
projects
Base
For
the City Council
and
Other strategic goals include: expanding production of products with increased added
cost, reducing the resource intensity of production;
improvement
Investment
Attraction
Industrial
enterprises of the republic, including for foreign investments;
Incentive
Creation
New
Modern
Enterprises
manufacturing industry;
Expanding markets for products. In order to achieve the goals, it is necessary to provide a solution
the following main tasks:
promotion
Production
industrial enterprises on the basis of technical re-equipment and modernization, the introduction of new technologies of breakthrough high-performance industries, the intensification of innovative activities of enterprises, import substitution, reducing the technological and commodity dependence of the industry on other regions;
providing
Capacity Building
Creation
and
security
Economic
production, significant growth of labor productivity, environmental safety of technological processes and products, resource saving, increasing the culture of production;
Efficiency
formation of a civilized consumer market and market intersectoral infrastructure, distribution network, commercial ties with the regions of the Russian Federation, countries of near and far abroad;
Interregional
development
and
Incentive
Investment
increasing the efficiency of innovative and development of high-tech industries, attracting innovative development funds; cooperation,
development of inter-territorial and inter-sectoral interaction of subjects of science, industry, small business;
activity,
Integration
Depth
processes
and
development of the system of reproduction of labor resources, training and retraining of workers, managers and managerial personnel capable of skillfully conducting production and business in an open market;
legislative support of the sustainable position of domestic
manufacturers in the domestic market, improving customs and credit policies, stimulating the export of products.
Directions for the development of the industrial complex. In the industry sector, until 2040, it is planned to implement investment projects of various orientations, which will allow industrial development of production potential, attract investment and create new high-performance jobs.
import substitution,
activate
growth
The development of light industry will contribute to the implementation of
investment project to create a large textile factory.
Modern
In Kabardino-Balkarian Republic there is a large number of light industry enterprises specializing in the production of sewing, textile and footwear products, equipped with light modern industry, provide the economy of the republic. On
Today, light industry enterprises of the republic are under pressure in connection with the rise in the cost of raw materials and components for enterprises of the clothing industry, chemical reagents), as well as logistics costs.
equipment. substantial
influence on
Enterprises
In particular
raw materials
(in
The implementation of the project will minimize costs and increase the added value of products produced in the republic in the field of light industry.
The production capacity of the investor Mirtex LLC is currently located in the Ivanovo region. The company is one of the leaders of the Russian market and is interested in implementing a project for the production of textile products in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic with an estimated cost 5 billion Rubles, from which 2,5 billion Rubles are your own money. Estimated production volumes before 1300 Tons per month. Number of jobs - 1500.
As a result of the project, the largest textile production complex will be created, providing the main raw materials for the light industry enterprise of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
The development of the metallurgical industry is due to the resumption of the development of the Tyrnyauz tungsten-molybdenum field, the technical re-equipment of the joint-stock company to produce Terekalmaz. import-substituting carbide tools, as well as to develop industrial cooperation.
Products:
Implementation
Diamond
projects
will allow
and
In accordance with the instruction of the President of the Russian Federation to the Government of the Russian Federation from 27 October 2016 No Pr-2077 in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the project "Renewal of production and processing of tungsten-molybdenum ores of the Tyrnyauz
fields", realization of metallurgical cluster in the North-Eastern Federal District. This project has a total cost 55 billion rupees, within which the order will be created 700 Jobs.
the Department
Project
Basic
the City Council
In the medical industry, Sevkavrentgen-D is planned
with limited implementation of the investment project on creation of import-substituting serial production of medical X-ray competitive equipment and equipment for X-ray equipment.
C
In 2022, a project was implemented in the republic to resume the work of the glass container production plant of Chegem Glass Plant LLC. Currently, the plant employs more than 300 people. The plant operates at full capacity - more than 170 million units of finished products in terms of annual volume. Currently, bank financing measures are being carried out for the design and attraction of construction at the plant of the second stage of production, which will double the volume of production of finished products.
The most important priority for the development of the industrial complex
The current stage is its transfer to an innovative path of development.
It is necessary to develop and implement a set of measures aimed at: (attracting an increase in investment for structural restructuring, modernization of production, the use of mechanisms for attracting private financial investment resources, the introduction of new production technologies);
Attraction
Investment
Terms and Conditions
creation
and competitiveness will give a quantitative and qualitative growth in the production of industrial products (due to the expansion and modernization of various industries);
Industrial
Efficiency
production,
Increase
For
What
creation of science-intensive high-tech industries based on the use of the intellectual and personnel potential of enterprises, including the military-industrial complex of the republic;
economic and financial mechanisms to enhance
innovation in industry;
development of incentive system for the development of innovation
activities;
participation in the development and implementation of republican and federal target programs in the field of development of scientific, technical and innovative activities, making changes to these programs in accordance with the established procedure.
Creation and development of the nanotechnology market.
The development of nanotechnology is currently considered as one of the priority areas of science and technology in the Russian Federation.
One of the prerequisites for the development of the nanotechnology market in the republic
there are large universities of interregional importance and training specialists for the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and neighboring regions of the Russian Federation. On the basis of federal state budget educational institutions of higher education "Kabardino State University. H.M. Berbekova" and Balkarsky "Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokova" is conducted scientific and technical with fundamental research, which are of a unique nature.
development,
Related
One of the current issues is the training of highly qualified personnel. On the basis of the Engineering and Technical Faculty of Kabardino-Balkarian State University, the innovative scientific and educational center "High Technologies in Mechanical Engineering" began its work, which is engaged in the training of modern personnel, research in the field of the application of materials processing technologies using a modern high-performance tool. In the interests of the innovative industries created in the republic, together with the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, work is being carried out on retraining, advanced training and internship of specialists in Russian and foreign educational organizations.
The following additional
measures:
Restoration of the system of training of workers in the republic
industry through vocational training;
creation
the University of London
New Universities
Specialties and
specializations,
in demand in promising areas of industry;
development of training programs and retraining of specialists
Specialty schools; increase
Quality
internships;
educational programs,
Organization
In the first phase, the development of new products and
technologies of specialists with experience in industrial science;
salary increase.
2.3.2. Development of agriculture
Accessibility
The fundamental goal in the development of the agro-industrial complex is to ensure food security, taking into account the products of the economic agro-industrial complex, increase the volume of exports of agro-industrial investment activities in the agro-industrial complex, as well as provide the territories with Kabardino-Balkaria complex Republic.
Incentive
Consumer
complex,
Rural
Development
For
The achievement of these objectives is envisaged through the
the following tasks:
stimulation of growth of crop production,
creation
livestock, food and processing industries; use
agricultural land, including land reclamation activities;
Taking action,
directed
effective
Attraction
Terms and Conditions
For
the City
the University of London
highly qualified personnel;
stimulation of creation of new commodity mass of agricultural products, in
including products with high added value;
promotion of activities,
directed
the City
Technical
Re-equipment of the agro-industrial complex;
implementation of measures aimed at digitalization of the industry; creation of conditions for increasing the number of small-form entities
management and agricultural cooperation;
creation of conditions for the development of seed production and use of seeds
Domestic production; development
Accelerated rural infrastructure;
social, engineering,
Communal
stabilization of the rural population,
increasing their well-being.
An important role in increasing production volumes
Crop production plays the development of a melioration complex.
The development of land reclamation is more relevant than ever for the republic. The bulk of the territory, due to the lack of natural water resources, is characterized as arid and semi-arid. Due to global climate change, there has been an increase in average annual temperature and a change in rainfall patterns over the years, leading to an increase in the frequency of dry periods. This, in turn, leads to a lack of moisture in the soil, a decrease in crop yields and their gross fees.
Given this fact, agricultural producers in recent years have been building reclamation systems at an accelerated pace. As a result, irrigation covered 73,5 thousand hectares, or 56,6% from the area of conditionally irrigated lands, of which 129,8 thousand hectares in the republic. This is a high indicator.
Over the past five years (2019-2023gg.) more than 30 thousand hectares of irrigated land were put into operation. It is expected that at least 5 thousand hectares of irrigated land will be commissioned annually.
Currently, there are about 374 wide-grabbing rain machines and more than 23 sprinkler irrigation systems in the republic.
Implementation of measures in the field of land reclamation in the republic is carried out within the framework of the regional project "Export of agricultural products"
National project "International Cooperation and Export" and departmental program "Development of the melioration complex of Russia".
Largely due to the active development of land reclamation in the republic
Production
increase
Volumes
They produce crops annually.
In irrigated areas, the yield of corn is 100-120 centners per hectare, and for non-irrigated - no more 70 centners per hectare. On repeated crops, the yield of corn for grain reaches 80 centners per hectare.
One of the priorities of the agro-industrial complex of the republic
It is the construction of fruit stores.
The growth of fruit and vegetable production requires the development of capacities for long-term storage of fruits and vegetables. Today, modern fruit and vegetable storage facilities with a total capacity of 298,5 thousand tons are functioning in the republic, including 42 fruit storage facilities with a total capacity of 223,5 thousand tons and 1 wholesale distribution center (OOO "Prokhodnoye") with a capacity of 75 thousand tons.
The availability of sufficient storage capacities for fruit and vegetable products using modern technologies and additional processing of products (sorting, calibration and packaging) have a significant impact on improving the profitability of horticultural activities, allow to ensure entry into trade networks, as well as extend the period of providing the population with fresh vegetables and fruits of domestic production and reduce the amplitude of price fluctuations for these products during the year.
Tribal animal husbandry plays a key role in the formation of livestock production. Tribal animal husbandry is necessary for breeding breeding of breeding animals in order to improve the productive qualities of farm animals and the breeding of highly productive farm animals.
The growth of livestock production is planned to be ensured through the development of breeding livestock, increasing the effective productivity of animals, and developing the use of the potential of mountain pastures.
feed base,
On the territory of the republic, 21 breeding farms operate (some farms operate in several areas of breeding livestock).
It is necessary to continue work on improving the breeding composition of breeding farm animals using a scientific approach, together with the Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokova" and the Institute of Agriculture - a branch of the FSBI "Federal Scientific Center "Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences".
The total area of fish-breeding areas in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is 3,0 thousand hectares. The main directions of fish farming in
The republic has commercial fish farming and recreational development of aquaculture (sports and amateur fishing). The growth of commercial fish production is planned to be ensured by creating its own feed base, improving the quality of breeding stock, applying the polyculture of pond fish, introducing and acclimatizing new breeds and types of fish.
In the field of development of maximum processing of agricultural products for the construction of meat and cold, processing capacity of milk, grain, processing and canning of vegetable and fruit and berry products.
Investment
necessary
Implementation
projects
In the field of market regulation and development of market infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex of the republic, it is necessary to organize a regional wholesale and food market, ensure access of local producers to trade networks, fairs, exhibitions, etc.
Improvement of housing, living and social conditions of the population in rural settlements is carried out within the framework of the state program "Integrated development of rural areas of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic", which has been implemented since 2020 and is aimed at stabilizing the population living in rural areas and accelerating the development of social, engineering, and communal infrastructure.
This state program carries a high social burden, is designed to prevent the outflow of qualified personnel from rural areas, to improve the quality of life of the rural population. In addition, it is based on the project principle of implementation, which allows the integrated development of rural areas and rural agglomerations, purposefully increasing their economic and social potential.
The main directions of implementation of the state program are "Modern appearance of rural areas", "Development of transport infrastructure in rural areas", "Advancing rural areas". During the period from 2020 to 2024, social and engineering infrastructure facilities were built and reconstructed under the State Program.
To ensure
socio-economic development
The Government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has approved by Decree No. 30 March 2023 No. 56-PP a list of strongholds of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and adjacent territories.
Development, approval and implementation of long-term plans for the socio-economic development of strongholds and adjacent modern infrastructure in the field of education, medicine, culture, sports, accessible to residents of the relevant territories.
Territories
Creation
Base
Will become
As a result of the implementation of the main directions of development in agriculture, an increase in the volume of agricultural products is expected in 2040 the Year 275,0 billion roubles.
2.3.3. Development of the construction complex
A component of a high quality of life at any time is the availability of comfortable housing, provided with a reliable communal infrastructure.
In the coming years, it is planned to maintain the trends in the development of housing construction along with improving the quality of housing under construction. The main form of investment activity in housing construction will be the financing of objects at the expense of own and borrowed funds of an investor engaged in the construction of housing for the purpose of sale, including using the mechanism of escrow accounts within the framework of the Federal Law on Housing 30 December 2004 № 214-FZ On participation in the shared construction of apartment buildings and other real estate and on amendments to some legislative acts of the Russian Federation. High
The use of effective technologies for building construction and maintenance is also ensured. The increased volume of housing construction, the development of mortgage housing lending, the competition of developers will provide citizens with the opportunity to meet their housing needs.
Quality of Modern
building materials,
Housing under construction
will be
A
The ongoing urban development policy will be focused on integrated development and infrastructure support of territories in accordance with territorial planning.
approved
Documents
C
To ensure affordable and quality housing
Necessary:
creating conditions for the development of mass housing construction administrative barriers in the housing market
removal by construction;
encouraging investors to create a market for affordable rental housing, the development of a non-profit housing stock for citizens with low income;
creation of conditions for the development of mortgage housing lending; stimulation of the use of new technologies and materials in housing construction, including those that meet the requirements of energy saving;
creation of conditions for use in the construction of low-rise energy supply and utilities
Technology
Autonomous infrastructure housing.
2.3.4. Tourism
The tourism sector is one of the most promising industries in terms of potential contribution to the socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, including the solution of the problem of employment, growth of tax revenues, stimulation of the development of transport infrastructure and related industries.
the City Council
Project
creation
Implementation
The tourist and recreational complex "Elbrus" as part of the tourist and recreational special economic zone (hereinafter referred to as "Elbrus"), the work on which is carried out in conjunction with JSC "KAVKAZ.RF", acting as the management company of the special economic zone, is of key importance.
All - Season
The aim of the project is to stimulate investment activity and attract capital to the economy, create a modern tourist infrastructure, as well as increase the tourist flow in Elbrus to 1 million people per year.
As a result of the implementation of the VTRK "Elbrus" project 2030 The year will be created 2384 jobs and 4438 New places for tourists. The cost of goods and services produced will be more 20 billion roubles.
It will also operate on its territory 35 km of ski slopes and 12 The cable cars. Open parking is already in operation 800 car seats (total area 28000 square meters) and area with shopping pavilions and stage (total area 4500 sq. m) One-way bypass road with length also opened 350 m.
V
Conform
the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation 23 July 2024 № 1959Nalchik resort is recognized as a resort of federal importance. Nalchik resort is a balneoheat and mountain climatic resort with a specialization in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the circulatory system and nervous system, musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, digestive organs, genitourinary system, endocrine system diseases, eating disorders and metabolic disorders, as well as skin diseases and subcutaneous tissue.
The rich traditions of sanatorium-resort service of the population and rehabilitation therapy of the resort as an all-Russian health resort count almost 100 years. The presence of unique natural healing resources and, importantly, qualified medical personnel creates favorable conditions for the development of medical tourism in the republic.
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic during the twentieth century played a significant role in the development of domestic spa and restorative medicine. Given the importance of preserving the health and recreation base of the resort, it is necessary to give impetus to the development of the resort. Development
This direction will not only attract new tourists, but also create additional jobs, improve the quality of life of the local population and strengthen the image of the region as one of the centers of health and rehabilitation in Russia.
Taking into account that the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has been and remains one of the most popular and significant recreation areas in the Russian Federation, where in recent years there has been an active growth in tourist flow, it is necessary to pay attention to the development of such types of tourism as rural, environmental, automotive, which are becoming increasingly popular among Russian and foreign travelers. In recent years, within the framework of national projects, a lot of work has been done to bring roads into a normative state, which contributes to the organization of comfortable logistics for holidaymakers, road construction work is actively underway on roads leading to popular tourist attractions, including in mountainous areas, new accommodation facilities are being built, including taking into account the principles of sustainable tourism. These types of tourism represent an important and promising segment of the tourism industry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, contributing not only to the economic development of the region, but also to the preservation of its unique cultural and natural environment, the formation of patriotism and interest in the history and culture of its homeland. With globalization and growing interest in eco-friendly and authentic travel, tourism is becoming a key tool for attracting tourists who want to immerse themselves in local traditions and lifestyles.
In order to create a modern tourist and recreational complex, which provides ample opportunities to meet the needs of holidaymakers, the following tasks will be solved:
tourist infrastructure in order to form a competitive tourist offer and improve the quality of tourist services and tourism security;
Modern
security
Development
and
development of popular and promising recreational areas of the republic (creation of a modern multi-profile resort of world level on the basis of mountain recreation and significance of Nalchik, creation, improvement of the resort of federal reconstruction and development of the material and technical base of medical and health areas of Auschiger and Dzyla-Su, others);
"Prielbrussier,"
Complex
development
creation of conditions for ensuring the transport accessibility of tourist resources of the republic through the development of a network of highways, multifunctional zones of road service, railway and air communication;
providing roads and mountain areas with quality
mobile communication and Internet connection, as well as digital services;
improving the convenience of travel on the territory of Kabardino-Balkaria
the Republic and ensuring the availability of tourist products, including for persons with disabilities;
creation of prerequisites for the socio-economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and the development of new strongholds of economic growth;
creating conditions for the creation of new jobs of various
qualifications and specializations;
creation of favorable conditions for attracting investment in the development of the necessary accompanying and supporting infrastructure, including for organizations from related sectors of the economy;
creation of conditions for the development of entrepreneurship through entrepreneurship mechanisms,
support of those involved in the development of tourism and the hospitality industry;
Subjects of small
Middle
and
creating conditions for increasing tax revenues in the
consolidated budget of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
development and implementation of a marketing plan aimed at promoting the tourist product of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in the domestic and foreign markets of services.
The implementation of these tasks will allow achieving the following goals: comprehensive development of tourism, including the sanatorium and resort industry in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, by creating conditions for the formation and promotion of a quality, competitive tourist product;
strengthening the social role of tourism, increasing the availability of services
tourism, recreation and recreation for citizens;
Strengthening the role and contribution of the tourism and hospitality industry
Social and economic development of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
Expected results: increase in the number of tourists visiting Kabardino-Balkaria
Republic, up to 3,5 million people per year;
increase the share of tourism in the gross regional product to 10%.
2.3.5. Small and medium-sized enterprises
V
within
"Small
Project
Executed
National
medium entrepreneurship and support of individual entrepreneurial initiative" ("Creation of favorable conditions for self-employed middle and citizens", entrepreneurship "Creation of conditions for an easy start and comfortable doing business"), which ensure the introduction of a service approach in the provision of state support to business.
Regional
"Accessories
Subjects
Project
Small
and
3
Addressing the challenges posed by regional projects will enable investment to
create an increase in attractiveness and development of small and medium-sized businesses.
necessary
Terms and Conditions
The regional project "Creation of favorable conditions for self-employed citizens" contains a list of activities for self-employed citizens in order to ensure an easy start of their activities and development.
The regional project "Creation of conditions for an easy start and comfortable doing business" contains a list of activities for individuals planning to start entrepreneurial activities and beginning entrepreneurs, contributing to their formation and development.
The regional project "Accession of small and medium-sized businesses" contains a list of complex measures for existing entrepreneurs to ensure their growth and development, as well as access to foreign markets.
The implementation stage of regional projects in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic will create the basis for the further effective development of small and medium-sized businesses.
Implementation
National
Medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative” will be completed in 2024. From 2025 years will be in the framework of the national project "Effective and competitive economy" will begin to operate a federal project "Small and medium-sized businesses and support individual entrepreneurial initiative".
Project
"Small
and
2.4. Main directions of development of scientific and innovative sphere
The infrastructure of scientific, technical and innovative activities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is a set of universities, scientific institutions, enterprises and organizations of various forms of ownership and sectoral orientation, ministries and departments that have scientific and technical councils and structural units in their composition.
The Republic specializes in fundamental and applied scientific research in a wide range of areas in mathematics, physics, geophysics, chemistry, biology, nanotechnology, ecology, agricultural sciences, humanities, in the resort and health sphere, etc.
Currently, scientific institutions and universities are developing
Innovative projects with a market perspective.
However, the insufficient scale of implementation of scientific developments is due to the lack of own funds from enterprises and the insufficient demand of the economy for technological innovations.
In this direction, the following tasks are priorities: conducting scientific research focused on priority areas of socio-economic development, while striving to include
in the educational process of their results, attracting students to scientific activities;
improving the quality and increasing the number of competitive scientific
works of students and postgraduates;
implementation
effective positioning of research and development in the intellectual property market, search for potential customers of scientific developments;
Systemic and
expanding the range of contacts with leading scientific centers and
individual scientists in various fields of knowledge;
participation in scientific and educational projects, exhibitions, other international
Funded
Russian
and
activities, organizations;
stimulating the participation of young scientists, postgraduates, doctoral students in scientific research conducted in the republic in order to strengthen and reproduce higher education, the personnel potential of science and improve the system of training and retraining of personnel in the innovative sphere;
support of basic and applied research, results
which are of great importance for the Republic;
effective use of innovative potential on the basis of cooperation of scientific departments, universities, research institutes and commercial scientific groups engaged in industry research and development;
formation of a regional order for targeted scientific developments and innovative solutions in the main spheres and sectors of social production.
In the field of intellectual property, a number of
tasks, among them:
development of intellectual property market infrastructure to create conditions for innovative and technological development of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic;
increasing competitiveness and capitalization of organizations,
operating in the territory of the Republic;
development of mechanisms
intellectual activity and management of rights to the results of intellectual activity and means of individualization;
Results
creation of conditions for the development of invention and innovation. In order to implement these tasks, it should be ensured: the definition of authorized executive bodies
the authorities of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, responsible for the development of the sphere of intellectual activity and the management of rights to the results of intellectual activity;
development
regulating legal relations in the field of intellectual property in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
Regulatory
Legal
Bases,
management of intellectual property rights,
belonging to the Republic;
Training in Intellectual Property and Development
competences in the field of intellectual property;
measures
Support
Innovation
Entrepreneurship,
inventions and innovations in the republic;
support of the activities of scientific and educational organizations in the field of intellectual property in matters of legal protection, protection for the results of intellectual management and legal activities;
Popularization
Activities
the University of London
Sphere
Intellectual Property
property.
2.5. The main directions of environmental management and environmental safety
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic devotes considerable attention to the strategic objectives of state policy on environmental development: ensuring a favourable environment and comfortable living conditions for the population by reducing adverse effects on ambient air, creating an effective system for managing municipal solid waste, including the one hundred per cent (complete) elimination of accumulated environmental damage, and preserving biodiversity.
One of the main characteristics that determine the environmental safety and attractiveness of the region is the state of atmospheric air.
In Kabardino-Balkarian Republic 312 objects 1 and 2 categories of pollutants which have 2180 sources of pollutants into the air.
In the air pool is thrown 16 353 Tons of pollutants
The latter dominates, contributing up to 66,4 % to the mass emissions of all types of pollution sources.
Nalchik city
In 2023, the activities of the main industrial (hydrometallurgical production) enterprise of the atmospheric air pollutant OJSC Hydrometallurg were suspended, which allowed to significantly reduce emissions, improve the state of atmospheric air and the quality of life of people in the urban district.
A Regional Monitoring Network should be established to provide analysis of ambient air conditions in an ever-evolving industry and transport environment. According to the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Main Geophysical Observatory", according to the results of a study of atmospheric air in the CBD, the need for the opening of 13 points, stationary and mobile analytical points was revealed.
Water supply of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is carried out at the expense of underground and surface sources. At the same time, underground water supplies account for about 70 % of the total volume of water supplied to distribution systems. Despite the large number of existing water intakes, the republic is experiencing a water shortage, which is associated with an increase in the number of water consumers.
Projected resources of drinking and technical groundwater
They are about 5 million m3/day, stocks - more 1 million m3/day, estimated
on 98 deposits and subsoil plots. There are 21 stations located at 18 observation posts and 9 wells of the local observation network.
The current water system of the Republic includes: 13 Sewerage Treatment Facilities 240,0 thousand.m3/day., 760,24 km of sewerage networks, 22 Pumping Stations.
Water quality is negatively affected by the discharges from polluted areas of settlements located in the
near water protection zones.
An observation network for the quality of surface waters of the basin r. Terek, which includes 6 observation points, which are located on 6 of the largest rivers of the republic.
Po
Monitoring results
The number of wild animals, the book of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, recorded positive dynamics in terms of growth in the number of protected animals.
the Red River
In the republic, 7 hunting users operate: FGBU "Nalchikskoe GOOH", OOO OVOH "Geduko", LLC "Uroshchishche"
Ekipzoko, OOO OVOH "Harakhora", Kolkhoz named after Petrov,
LLC OFH "In-Tour", LLC "Ushtulu". Area of hunting grounds
is 870,177 thousand hectares, of which 294,300 (33,82 %) are fixed
and public - 575,877 (66,18 %). For the reproduction of hunting species of animals, hunting farms are engaged in their maintenance and breeding in semi-free conditions and artificially created habitat.
The total area of the forest fund is 194,7 thousand hectares, of which covered
forest - 171,9 thousand hectares. The forest cover of the Republic is 15,4%.
The strategic goal in the field of forestry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is the effective use of protection, protection and reproduction of forests.
In order to preserve the unique natural complexes, typical and reference landscapes, rare and endangered species of plants and animals in the republic there are 27 specially protected natural areas, including 7 state nature reserves (148900 hectares) and 20 natural monuments (3061,63 hectares).
Total
Square
Specially
Protected
Natural
Territories
of regional importance has 152031,63 hectares.
The priority is to reduce the negative impact on the environment and eliminate environmental damage resulting from past economic activities.
in the territory of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. In accordance with the National Waste Register approved by the
The Government of the Republic, currently
There are 70 temporary waste disposal facilities (unauthorized landfills). The total area of unauthorized landfills is 184,5 hectares.
In the framework of the federal project "Clean country" of the national project "Ecology" in the period from 2018-2022 years work was carried out on the liquidation of objects of accumulated environmental damage 6 objects.
REDUCED
Socio-environmental consequences,
The reclamation of the dry beach of the TBMK tailings pond has reduced the negative impact on the environment and air pollution caused by the negative impact of the disturbed lands and the economic damage caused by the disturbed lands to the environment. The event improved the quality of life of the population of 39,241 thousand people. The area of reclaimed areas that were exposed to negative environmental impacts was 6.1 hectares.
Since 2019, a new system for the treatment of TCW has been introduced - service provision
Only regional operators.
On
Today, 100% people are covered by the regional operator. 3754 container sites were created, on which
7611 containers. There are 4 garbage sorting facilities in the republic.
lines and 2 polygons.
In the year 2023 a concession agreement was concluded between the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and a limited construction company
responsibility of the waste sorting complex with a capacity of more than 200 thousand tons per year
"Museum-sorting
the Plant
in the Urvan municipal district. The planned completion date is December 2025 years. The sorting section has a high degree of process automation.
The water complex of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic consists of water management systems for industrial purposes and protective structures against the negative effects of water. Important issues of the Republic that require urgent solution are: ensuring the emergency-free passage of floods; safe provision of shore protection facilities;
Kabardino - Balkar
existing
Operation
Complex
construction and reconstruction of shore protection facilities. Number
Kabardino - Balkar
Population
The Republic,
living in the territories affected by the negative effects of the waters, is 150,89 thousand people, the length of the coastline of water bodies within the boundaries of settlements is 744,33 km.
Within the framework of the federal project "Protection from the negative effects of water and ensuring the safety of hydraulic structures in the territory of the Russian Federation" over the past 5 years, from 2019 to 2023 years, measures have been taken on the ability of flood hazardous sections of water bodies with a total length of 15,432 km.
Increase in capacity
In order to form an ecological culture in society, to foster respect for nature, rational use of natural education through the dissemination of environmental knowledge about environmental safety, information about the state of the environment and the use of natural resources.
Implemented
environmental
resources
In preschool educational institutions, general educational institutions and educational institutions of additional education, organizational and legal forms, independently and profile, the basics of environmental knowledge are taught.
Them
from
C
V
Profile
Conform
Institutions providing vocational training, retraining and advanced training of specialists are provided with the teaching of educational disciplines on environmental protection, environmental safety and environmental management.
Educational
the University of London
Objectives
Policy
Main
Environmental management and ecology in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic are the preservation of natural systems, maintaining their integrity and life-supporting functions for the sustainable development of society, increasing the demographic situation, ensuring environmental safety of the republic.
quality of life,
improvements
Population
Health
Regions
To do this, it is necessary: ensuring a favorable state of the environment; preservation and restoration of natural systems, their biological
diversity and ability to self-regulation;
Ensuring environmental management and equitable
access to natural resources for present and future generations of people.
To achieve the goals set in the implementation of the Strategy
The main objectives are:
development of the environmental monitoring system; reconstruction and
technical re-equipment of industrial use
Production
individual enterprises of resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies;
and
C
construction and reconstruction of water supply and sanitation systems
human settlements;
construction and reconstruction of landfills for solid municipal and industrial waste and facilities for their processing and disposal;
construction and reconstruction of water facilities on water bodies, compliance with the regime of economic activity in water protection zones and coastal protective strips of water bodies;
carrying out complex land reclamation and reclamation,
forest restoration works;
development of normative, methodological and scientific support
implementation of environmental measures.
Priority in solving problems of protection of atmospheric
The following activities are to be carried out:
acquisition and implementation of an automated program of accounting for objects and sources of negative impact on the environment, through which payments for negative impact will be recorded, permits for environmental users to regulate emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere and waste generation limits;
Conducting regular sampling and analysis of samples for the content of pollutants in order to objectively assess the negative main effects of emissions on the environment and on the state of the surface air layer in the settlements of the republic.
Decision
Environmental and Water Management
problems
appropriate
implement in the following areas:
construction and water facilities;
reconstruction
Hydrotechnical and
Others
construction and reconstruction
flood protection
constructions;
Environmental management of water bodies. Activities are envisaged
repair of hydraulic structures on the rivers of the republic. Activities of this direction, in addition to the tasks of using water resources, solve the problem of hydraulic and other ensuring the reliability of water facilities.
Capital
Operation
the City Council
Protection of surface waters from pollution can be ensured by monitoring of water bodies, creation of water protection zones, treatment of wastewater (industrial, municipal, etc.), treatment and disinfection of surface and groundwater.
To address the following environmental management issues:
necessary
the City Council
waste areas:
implementation of a territorial scheme and program in the field of waste management for the purpose of organizing and carrying out activities for the collection, transportation, processing, disposal, neutralization, disposal of waste;
effective functioning
Regional
Operator
the City Council
waste management in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
construction and reconstruction of landfills and other facilities
Organized storage, disposal and disposal of waste;
creation of waste treatment facilities with the production of products; and construction,
reconstruction
technical re-equipment using
C
enterprises of resource-saving and environmentally friendly technologies;
Industry
Republic
construction and reconstruction of plants and systems of treatment plants at enterprises with the use of effective methods of purification, reagents and equipment.
Main results of the implementation of placement and
Waste management:
calculation of the balance of quantitative characteristics of formation, processing, disposal, neutralization, disposal of production and consumption waste;
Waste management will reduce the number of disposals
waste, will minimize disposal;
Expansion of the number of reception points from the population of different types
waste suitable for recycling;
Increase in the number of landfills for disposal and burial
waste;
Creation of solid waste processing facilities; gradual formation of ecological culture of the population and economic stimulation of separate collection of municipal solid waste will reduce their volume entering the landfill and reduce the area of land used for this.
Activities ensuring the protection of land and forest resources,
will be implemented in the following areas:
carrying out reclamation, anti-erosion works; reclamation of disturbed during production activities
Lands;
reforestation works; expansion of areas of specially protected natural areas
Republics.
Achievment
Strategic Objectives
In the field of environmental management and ecology, the implementation of regional projects "Clean country", "Preservation of unique water bodies", "Conservation of forests", "Clean water" and "Formation of an integrated system for solid municipal waste management" of the national project "Ecology" at the initial stage contributes.
Implementation of the planned activities will achieve the target of 2040
the following results:
Shorten
Emissions
Contaminants
substances
the University of London
the Atmosphere
stationary sources, including particulate emissions;
develop air pollution monitoring systems to account for
development of territorial planning schemes;
transition to the use of electric types of engines; increase
Automotive
quantity
Gas Filling
compressor stations;
rational use of groundwater; improvement of the ecological condition of water quality in surface waters
water bodies of the republic;
Improving environmental conditions near the Terek River
more than 42 thousand residents of May and Tersky municipal districts;
Increase in the number of protected animals listed in the Red Book
Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
ensure full restoration and forestation of the area
Deforestation and loss of life; and
form
for reforestation in all areas of felled and dead forest plantations;
support
Forest
Seeds
Stock
maintaining a healthy environment for people and creating conditions for
development of regulated tourism and recreation;
conservation and reproduction of natural resources in natural conditions, including rare and endangered species of wildlife listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation and the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic;
Reducing the negative impact on the environment by
Reducing the amount of waste sent to landfill.
The implementation of national and regional plans of adaptation to climate change, reflecting a comprehensive assessment of the risks and opportunities arising from climate change and adaptation, a system of directions and specific measures supported by the necessary resources, plays a key role in addressing the problem of adaptation to global climate change and their negative impact on economic sectors and the quality of life of people.
the Order of the Government of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic 292-rp from 24 June 2022 approved a regional plan for adaptation to climate change in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, containing adaptation measures in agriculture, environmental management, transport, construction, industrial complex and trade, in the field of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, civil defense and emergency situations.
A systematic approach to the implementation of national and regional plans will contribute to the development of the adaptation process in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic.
2.6. Main directions of spatial development
A balanced territorial development will allow to form in each municipality of the priority development zone, which will act as engines of growth not only for these areas, but also for the republic as a whole:
Zolsky, Baksan, Chegemsky, Prokhladnensky, Tersky, Leskensky, Urvansky municipal districts and the city district of Baksan - the development of the agro-industrial complex using technologies for deep processing of raw materials and obtaining final products;
Elbrussky, Zola, Chegemsky, Chereksky municipal districts - the creation and operation of a special economic zone of tourist and recreational type;
Chegemsky, Elbrussky municipal
areas
-
development
construction materials industry;
Urvansky, Elbrus municipal districts - construction
small hydroelectric power stations.
Of particular importance is the development of the urban district of Nalchik as an administrative, financial and service center. This development will present the Nalchik urban district as:
A major economic center that concentrates on management
functions, coordinating commodity and transport flows; balneological resort of federal significance; interregional business center (financial and industrial sphere,
congress and exhibition and fair activities);
innovative
Center
(Education,
science,
institutions
commercialization of scientific research).
2.6.1. Development of the transport system
The development of the transport system is of great importance for the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic. Transport, along with other sectors of the economy, provides the basic conditions for the life of society, being an important tool for achieving social and economic goals.
Main directions of development
the Transport Complex
The republics are:
in terms of road transport: ensuring road safety; improving the level of safety on public transport; updating the fleet of rolling stock; improving the quality of transport services for passengers; forming the market for public transport services; switching to vehicles operating on gas-powered vehicles
fuel;
improvement of public transport infrastructure;
Improving the legal and regulatory framework for development
public transport;
improvement of control and supervisory functions; improvement of the development of the road network; in the part of air transport: reconstruction of the Nalchik airport complex, including reconstruction of the runway, as well as the construction of a new airport complex with a capacity of 500 thousand passengers per year.
The implementation of measures aimed at the development of the transport system will create conditions for further increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of public transport enterprises, attracting investment in the development of the transport system and will provide incentives for the introduction of new technologies and the use of modern vehicles.
As a result of improved public infrastructure
Transport will be achieved by:
providing transport services to all districts of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and direct transport communication between settlements and the capital of the republic in accordance with the minimum social transport requirements;
renewal of the fleet of transport enterprises; reduction of loss-making traffic for transport enterprises for
the expense of reducing transport costs and operating costs;
Improving the quality of passenger transportation by reducing time
in the way, improving the comfort and safety of transportation;
Reducing the negative impact of public
environment.
the Transport Department
Priority goals and objectives of road development
The Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is:
increasing the volume of repair work on roads and ensuring the preservation of the existing network of highways of the republic by improving the methods of work production, applying new technologies and improving the road management system;
the principle of determining the annual amount of funds required for repair work should be based on the normative interrepair periods, depending on traffic intensity and types of road surfaces;
and a list of road reconstruction based on an assessment of the existing transport and operational condition and the level of load of the road network, determining the necessary level of forecasting of cargo and passenger traffic, traffic volumes and traffic intensity;
Automotive
Construction
Technical
objects
General
Roads
bringing the sections of the federal highway P-217 within the boundaries of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic to parameters providing for movement on 4 lanes;
separation of traffic flows of oncoming directions by barrier fences using innovative structures, taking into account transport and pedestrian accessibility for the local population;
Holding
inventory (production of technical passports) for regional roads of state registration of property rights to real estate;
Passports
Technical
and
development of road traffic management projects; improving the efficiency of organizations in the road traffic market
works;
Attracting investment from the federal budget and others
sources.
the City
In determining the volume of construction work in subsequent years with the transition, it is necessary to allocate funds in such a way as to ensure the commissioning of facilities as soon as possible, excluding the possibility of default.
Long term
Planning
Main projects: reconstruction of Nalchik airport with extension of the runway
strips up to 2950 m;
construction of a new airport complex; renewal and replacement of rolling stock; construction of the Nalchik Ring Road; development of the mountain route "Caucasian Trail" along 5 gorges; introduction of transport systems.
technology,
Digital
t.u.m.
the University of London
Intelligent
Expected results: increasing the competitiveness of public transport enterprises; improving the efficiency of public transport management; increasing passenger traffic;
Transported
passengers,
Quantity
growth
Decline
Quantity
Road Traffic Accidents
C
severe consequences;
organization of cargo and passenger transport services of the tourist complex "Prielbrusye", increase of tourist flow in Prielbrusye;
Improving the quality and safety of transport services
Population;
creation of comfortable arrival conditions for residents and guests of the republic
and departure from G. Nalchik;
reduction of transport costs of transport enterprises; ensuring protection of the population in the transport system; improvement of transport and operational condition and quality
maintenance of roads, which will lead to a decrease in the number of road accidents due to related road conditions, the comfort of vehicle movement;
ensuring the safety of the existing road network, safety and traffic conditions in accordance with the technical standards of roads;
improving the technical characteristics of roads, which, in turn, will increase the load on the axle of vehicles and, accordingly, the volume of cargo transportation;
Increasing road capacity and creating
comfortable conditions for road users;
transition to the normative terms of repair and overhaul of the road network, elimination of the main foci of road accidents;
Improving the efficiency of organizations operating in the market
road works;
creating a competitive environment in the road works market, including for
account for attracting small businesses;
reduction in the percentage of depreciation of fixed assets of enterprises of industry, equipment and
High-performance and
Technician
attraction of equipment;
increase in tax payments to budgets of all levels from road
contracting organizations by increasing the volume of road works.
2.6.2. Fuel and energy complex
and
Production
Electric
The development of centralized heat supply (CHP), including combined energy, heat implies a decrease in the number of CHPs and an increase in the number of CHPs at the expense of existing boiler plants in order to achieve the highest production of electrical energy based on consumers of thermal energy. In this regard, there is a need to build a mini-CHP with a capacity of 20 - 1000 kW on the basis of existing boiler houses by superstructure of steam and gas turbines. For
Two demographic indicators are the density of the rural population and the degree of concentration of the urban and rural population.
Efficiency of CT
are
Important
Evaluations
In addition to the concentration of the population, it is necessary to assess the size of the heat market, the efficiency of the plants used and the ratio between electric and thermal efficiency. The ideal installation for combined generation of electrical and thermal energy is CHP.
The increase in the production of cheap electricity on the existing thermal consumption is possible through the use of gas turbine technologies, which will allow the existing industrial and heating boiler to become consumers of heat and dispose of their exhaust
gases. The temperature of the exhaust gases of domestic installations of the NC brand is 450 - 530°C. Modernization and superstructure of industrial and heating boiler houses, as well as CHP with convertible gas turbine engines of low and medium power (1 - 30 MW) allow to obtain a fuel utilization factor 89% and more.
The high degree of readiness of gas turbine equipment allows to reduce the terms of construction and installation and commissioning work at the customer's sites to 2 - 3 months.
In the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic there are all possibilities for the construction of a mini-CHP: all villages are gasified, the density and concentration of the population is high.
Given transport security, the availability of developed social and other infrastructures in rural areas, the conditions for the development of central heating systems are very favorable.
The construction of a low-power CHP and the transfer of existing heating boilers to the CHP mode by installing gas or steam turbines on them, as well as a decrease in the temperature of the network water at the outlet of the subscriber (with the development of more advanced heating appliances or the installation of temperature valves) and at the entrance to the CHP heat exchanger (with the installation of a heat pump installation) will significantly reduce the consumption of natural gas by the region.
The most promising project in terms of increasing the degree of cogeneration in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is the replacement of large thermal boilers with maximum thermal loads located in the areas of the city. Nalchik.
According to preliminary estimates, for the issuance of electrical power will require the construction of a distribution point RP-6 kV with 10 linear cells, laying about 1,2 km of high-voltage cable lines, installation and modernization of metering units.
organizations
from mini-CHP energy heat exchangers and pump
Selection
For
Additional equipment will be required.
One of the mechanisms for overcoming the impact of the phenomena of the financial and economic crisis is the transformation of the fuel and energy complex into a financially stable, economically effective, environmentally compliant complex equipped with advanced technologies - a reliable and effective element of infrastructure that ensures the satisfaction of economically justified needs of the economy and allows solving regional security problems.
V
within
relevant
It is planned to further develop the fuel and energy complex of the republic through modernization, development of rational renewable energy sources (RES) and alternative types of energy, which will reduce the costs of energy resources supplies, including in the budget sphere.
Energy
Strategic
Use
resources,
Currently, the vector of development for the republic is modernization through technological renewal and the introduction of modern methods of managing the state information system of the fuel and energy complex).
(including information)
Technology
The main directions of development of the fuel and energy complex are: transition to the path of innovative and energy-efficient development; change in the structure and scale of energy production; creation of an internal competitive market environment. The need for regular adaptation of the parameters of energy development of the republic is dictated by new trends and phenomena in the Russian fuel and energy sector. It is necessary to note a high growth in demand for energy resources (TER).
In order to reliably ensure the fuel and energy efficiency of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria and reduce their anthropogenic impact on the environment, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
Increase
resources,
Task
1.
Development
Energy Savings
and
promotion
energy efficiency.
Energy and resource saving is one of the most important factors ensuring the efficiency of the economy as a whole. It is achieved through the implementation of energy saving measures, timely transition to new technical solutions, technological processes and optimization forms of using management, international experience and other measures. The introduction of energy-saving technologies not only reduces costs and increases the competitiveness of products, but also contributes to increasing the sustainability of the fuel and energy complex and improving the environmental situation, reducing the cost of introducing additional capacities, and also helps to remove barriers to economic development by reducing technological restrictions.
Elevated
products,
Quality
Problem 2. Improvement of production, transportation and
increasing the depth of processing of hydrocarbon raw materials.
The lack of technical re-equipment of hydrocarbon processing facilities leads to the impossibility of reaching the depth of oil refining, at which the produced oil products can be successfully sold on the market.
In terms of ensuring the production of petroleum products, product quality requirements are defined at the level of world standards, which forces manufacturers to significantly increase the depth of oil refining and stimulates them to reach a new quality level in fuel production. Problem 3. Development of renewable energy
Improving the environmental efficiency of energy sources
Renewable energy has an important role to play because
Diversification
context
V
The use allows to solve the problems of reducing the anthropogenic load on the environment and the negative impact on the climate, as well as reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
The low rate of energy development based on the use of large non-traditional hydroelectric power plants with an installed capacity of more than 25 MW and biomass thermal power plants is determined by the following factors:
are included
RES,
not
the University of London
non-competitiveness of non-conventional renewable energy projects in the existing market environment compared to fossil fuel-based projects;
Institutional barriers, lack of
support programs for the use of non-traditional types of renewable energy;
lack of infrastructure required to ensure accelerated energy development through the use of non-traditional renewable energy sources, including insufficient level and quality of scientific services, low level of technological development;
Absence
Regulatory and technical
methodological regulation, as well as engineering and software tools necessary for the design, construction and operation of generating facilities operating on the basis of renewable energy sources;
and
placing most of the resources of non-traditional renewable energy sources in hard-to-reach areas with difficult climatic conditions and low population density.
Given the current current situation in the energy markets and the level of technological development without state support, it is economically possible to use only a small part of the available RES resources, with the exception of water energy used by large hydropower facilities and biomass.
Problem 4. Promotion of innovative development of the fuel and energy complex. Supporting the development and implementation of competitive equipment and technologies, updating, upgrading and commissioning of new capacities, as well as R&D in the fuel and energy sector is considered as one of the most important tasks, the key areas of which are strengthening investment activity in terms of innovations.
The priority in the implementation of innovation policy is given to the conduct of research and development and implementation of energy-efficient technologies aimed at solving the priority problems of accelerated development of the fuel and energy complex and taking into account the priority directions of development of science, technology and technology and the list of critical technologies of the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation 7 July 2011 № 899 About approval of priority directions of development of science, technology and technology in the Russian Federation and the list of critical technologies of the Russian Federation.
Innovative development of the fuel and energy sector is based on the latest achievements
and
Innovation
Improvements
R&D of the infrastructure to bring innovation to the end user, within a sustainable innovation system (ES-2030). The most important decision tools
tasks of modernization and perspective development of fuel and energy sectors and creation of innovative energy are technological platforms in the energy sector based on the principles of public-private partnership, and with the development of the program by state participation.
Innovation
Joint Stock Company
Societies
For
Promoting the innovative development of the fuel and energy sector requires adequate information and analytical support. Such support should be provided by the state information system of the fuel and energy complex. In addition to information and analytical support for solving the tasks of the Strategy of the fuel and energy information state complex is designed to provide information support for the implementation of the state energy policy and, in particular, to solve the tasks of public administration of the functioning and development of the fuel and energy complex, aimed at achieving the following goals:
system
balanced development of modern fuel and energy infrastructure,
reducing fuel costs in the economy;
improving the budget efficiency of the fuel and energy complex; increasing the availability of fuel and energy complex services for the population; improving the integrated safety and sustainability of the fuel and energy complex; ensuring measures in the field of environmental safety; improving investment
Climate and
development
Market
relationship.
Problem 5. Construction (creation)
gas filling infrastructure facilities - stationary automobile gas filling compressor stations (AGNSS).
Currently, in accordance with the increasing requirements for the environment and reliability of transport, as well as their compliance with international safety standards, gas-engine fuel is gaining great importance.
The transition to gas engine fuel has a number of advantages: environmental friendliness - gas is much less harmful when used for fuel. The use of transport, gas engine fuel will reduce carbon monoxide emissions by eight times, nitrogen oxide - twice, smoke falls nine times, and soot
Diesel
Gasoline
Than
or
It does not form at all. The combustible mixture burns completely, which
positively affects the state of the surrounding air;
economy - cost and consumption of gas engine fuel
significantly lower than traditional motor fuels. development
6. Implementation of activities
Task
Charging
infrastructure for electric vehicles.
Considering the environmental friendliness, as an advantage in the market, go to